CVE-2025-30056: RunCommand Function RCE Vulnerability

CVE-2025-30056 Overview

CVE-2025-30056 is a code injection vulnerability rooted in the RunCommand function, which accepts any parameter and forwards it directly to the system shell for execution. An attacker on an adjacent network can supply crafted input that the function passes unchecked to the shell, resulting in arbitrary command execution. The flaw is classified under [CWE-94] (Improper Control of Generation of Code) and carries a CVSS 4.0 base score of 9.4. Successful exploitation grants attackers full control over the affected host, including impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability of both the vulnerable component and subsequent systems.

Critical Impact

Adjacent-network attackers can execute arbitrary shell commands without authentication or user interaction, leading to complete system compromise.

Affected Products

• Specific affected products are not enumerated in the NVD record
• Refer to the CERT Polska CVE-2025-2313 advisory for vendor and product context
• Review vendor advisories upon publication for impacted versions

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-08-27 - CVE-2025-30056 published to NVD
• 2026-04-15 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-30056

Vulnerability Analysis

The vulnerability resides in the RunCommand function, which acts as a thin wrapper around a shell invocation. The function does not validate, sanitize, or restrict the parameter it receives before passing it to the underlying shell interpreter. Any caller able to reach the function can therefore inject shell metacharacters, chain commands, or substitute the executable entirely. Because the attack vector is adjacent network and requires neither privileges nor user interaction, exploitation requires only reachability to the exposed interface that invokes RunCommand. The EPSS probability is 0.053%, but the technical barrier to exploitation is low once an attacker is on the same network segment.

Root Cause

The root cause is improper control of code generation [CWE-94]. The RunCommand function treats untrusted input as a trusted command string and dispatches it to the shell without allow-listing, argument separation, or escaping. There is no parameter validation layer between the network-facing interface and the shell execution call.

Attack Vector

An unauthenticated attacker on the adjacent network sends a request that reaches the component exposing RunCommand. The attacker embeds shell metacharacters or a fully formed command in the parameter. The shell parses and executes the payload with the privileges of the host process. Refer to the CERT Polska advisory for technical details on the exposed interface and exploitation conditions.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-30056

Indicators of Compromise

• Unexpected child processes spawned by the service hosting RunCommand, particularly shell interpreters such as sh, bash, or cmd.exe
• Outbound connections from the affected host to attacker-controlled infrastructure following adjacent-network requests
• Anomalous command-line arguments containing shell metacharacters (;, |, &&, backticks) in process telemetry

Detection Strategies

• Monitor process creation events for the vulnerable service and alert when it spawns shell or scripting interpreters
• Inspect network traffic to the affected component for parameter values containing shell metacharacters or encoded command payloads
• Correlate authentication-less requests with subsequent process and file system activity to identify exploitation chains

Monitoring Recommendations

• Enable verbose process-creation logging and forward events to a centralized analytics platform
• Baseline normal command-line arguments and child processes for the affected service, then alert on deviations
• Track outbound network connections from the service host, focusing on new destinations and uncommon ports

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-30056

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict network access to the affected interface using firewall rules or network segmentation so it is unreachable from untrusted adjacent networks
• Disable the RunCommand functionality if it is not required for operations
• Audit logs for prior invocations of RunCommand with suspicious parameters and investigate any matches

Patch Information

No vendor patch reference is published in the NVD record at the time of writing. Consult the CERT Polska advisory and the responsible vendor for patch availability and upgrade guidance. Apply vendor-supplied updates as soon as they are released.

Workarounds

• Place the affected component behind an access-controlled management network and block adjacent-network reachability
• Enforce host-based firewall rules that limit which clients can invoke the exposed interface
• Apply application-layer filtering to strip or reject shell metacharacters in parameters passed to RunCommand