CVE-2025-27721: INFINITT PACS Auth Bypass Vulnerability

CVE-2025-27721 Overview

CVE-2025-27721 is an authorization bypass vulnerability affecting INFINITT PACS System Manager, a Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS) used in healthcare environments for managing medical imaging data. The vulnerability allows unauthorized users to access the System Manager interface without proper authorization, potentially exposing sensitive system resources and patient data.

Critical Impact

Unauthorized access to INFINITT PACS System Manager could expose protected health information (PHI), medical imaging data, and critical healthcare infrastructure configuration settings. This vulnerability is particularly concerning given the sensitive nature of medical data and the regulatory requirements (HIPAA) surrounding healthcare systems.

Affected Products

• INFINITT PACS System Manager
• INFINITT Healthcare PACS Solutions

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-08-21 - CVE-2025-27721 published to NVD
• 2026-04-15 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-27721

Vulnerability Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-497 (Exposure of Sensitive System Information to an Unauthorized Control Sphere), indicating that the INFINITT PACS System Manager fails to properly enforce authorization controls before granting access to system resources. The network-accessible nature of this vulnerability means that attackers can exploit it remotely without requiring any authentication credentials or user interaction.

The vulnerability resides in the authorization mechanism of the System Manager component, where access control checks are either missing or improperly implemented. This allows an unauthenticated attacker to bypass the normal authentication flow and gain access to administrative or sensitive system functions.

Root Cause

The root cause of CVE-2025-27721 is an improper access control implementation within the INFINITT PACS System Manager. The system fails to adequately verify that users have proper authorization before granting access to protected resources. This represents a fundamental flaw in the application's security architecture where the authorization layer does not properly gate access to sensitive system management functions.

The vulnerability likely stems from missing authorization checks on specific endpoints or functions within the System Manager, allowing direct access to resources that should require authenticated sessions.

Attack Vector

The attack vector for this vulnerability is network-based, requiring no authentication, no user interaction, and presenting low attack complexity. An attacker with network access to the INFINITT PACS System Manager can exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted requests to the vulnerable endpoints, bypassing the authorization mechanism entirely.

Given the healthcare context, potential attack scenarios include:

• Accessing patient medical imaging data and records
• Modifying system configurations to disrupt medical imaging workflows
• Exfiltrating sensitive configuration data for further attacks
• Gaining a foothold for lateral movement within healthcare networks

Due to the nature of this vulnerability, no synthetic code examples are provided. For detailed technical information, refer to the CISA Medical Advisory ICSMA-25-100-01.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-27721

Indicators of Compromise

• Unexpected access attempts to INFINITT PACS System Manager administrative interfaces from unauthorized IP addresses
• Anomalous access patterns to system management endpoints without prior authentication events
• Unusual data access or exfiltration activities from the PACS system
• Authentication bypass attempts visible in web application logs

Detection Strategies

• Implement network monitoring to detect unauthorized connections to PACS System Manager services
• Deploy web application firewalls (WAF) to identify and block suspicious access patterns to management interfaces
• Configure SIEM rules to correlate authentication events with system access, flagging access without corresponding authentication
• Monitor for unusual access to DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine) data stores

Monitoring Recommendations

• Enable comprehensive logging on INFINITT PACS System Manager and forward logs to a centralized SIEM
• Implement network segmentation monitoring to detect cross-zone access attempts to healthcare imaging systems
• Deploy endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions like SentinelOne Singularity on systems hosting PACS infrastructure
• Establish baseline behavior patterns for PACS access and alert on deviations

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-27721

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict network access to INFINITT PACS System Manager to authorized personnel and IP ranges only
• Implement network segmentation to isolate PACS systems from general network traffic
• Deploy additional authentication mechanisms (VPN, multi-factor authentication) before PACS access
• Review access logs for any signs of unauthorized access that may have already occurred

Patch Information

Organizations should consult the CISA Medical Advisory ICSMA-25-100-01 for vendor-provided patch information and remediation guidance. Contact INFINITT Healthcare directly for the latest security updates and patching instructions specific to your deployment.

Workarounds

• Implement strict firewall rules limiting access to PACS System Manager to only essential administrative workstations
• Deploy a reverse proxy with authentication requirements in front of the System Manager interface
• Enable VPN requirements for all remote access to PACS infrastructure
• Implement IP whitelisting for all management interface access

# Example firewall configuration to restrict PACS System Manager access
# Adjust ports and IP ranges according to your environment

# Allow access only from authorized management subnet
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -s 10.0.100.0/24 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j DROP

# Log all connection attempts to PACS management interface
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j LOG --log-prefix "PACS-ACCESS: "