CVE-2025-27140: Wegia Wegia RCE Vulnerability

CVE-2025-27140 Overview

CVE-2025-27140 is a critical OS Command Injection vulnerability discovered in WeGIA, a Web manager application designed for charitable institutions. The vulnerability exists in the importar_dump.php endpoint in versions prior to 3.2.15 of the WeGIA application. This flaw allows unauthenticated remote attackers to execute arbitrary operating system commands on the underlying server. The vulnerable functionality involves a file move operation that can be abused to achieve webshell upload capabilities, providing persistent backdoor access to compromised systems.

Critical Impact

This vulnerability enables unauthenticated remote code execution with the potential for complete server compromise and webshell deployment on affected WeGIA installations.

Affected Products

• WeGIA versions prior to 3.2.15
• WeGIA Web manager for charitable institutions
• Systems running vulnerable importar_dump.php endpoint

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-02-24 - CVE-2025-27140 published to NVD
• 2025-02-28 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-27140

Vulnerability Analysis

This OS Command Injection vulnerability (CWE-78) resides in the importar_dump.php endpoint of the WeGIA application. The vulnerability stems from improper input sanitization where user-controlled data is passed directly to system commands without adequate validation or escaping. The vulnerable code path involves file handling operations that execute system-level commands for moving temporary files.

The attack requires no authentication and can be executed remotely over the network with low complexity, making it highly dangerous for internet-facing WeGIA deployments. Successful exploitation grants attackers the ability to execute arbitrary commands with the privileges of the web server process, potentially leading to full system compromise.

Root Cause

The root cause is insufficient input validation and sanitization in the importar_dump.php file handling mechanism. User-supplied input is incorporated into system commands without proper escaping or parameterization, allowing attackers to inject malicious shell commands through specially crafted requests. The application fails to implement proper command argument validation before executing file move operations.

Attack Vector

The attack is conducted over the network by sending malicious HTTP requests to the vulnerable importar_dump.php endpoint. An attacker can craft a request containing shell metacharacters or command injection payloads that break out of the intended file move command context.

The vulnerability can be exploited in two primary ways:

1. Direct Command Execution: Injecting arbitrary OS commands that execute immediately on the server
2. Webshell Upload: Abusing the file move functionality to place a malicious PHP webshell in a web-accessible directory, establishing persistent backdoor access

Since the endpoint handles file import operations, attackers can manipulate filename or path parameters to inject commands that are then executed by the underlying operating system shell.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-27140

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual HTTP requests to the importar_dump.php endpoint containing shell metacharacters (;, |, &&, $(), backticks)
• Unexpected PHP files or webshells appearing in web-accessible directories
• Web server processes spawning suspicious child processes such as /bin/sh, /bin/bash, cmd.exe, or PowerShell
• Anomalous outbound network connections originating from the web server process

Detection Strategies

• Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect command injection patterns in requests to importar_dump.php
• Monitor web server access logs for requests containing encoded or plaintext shell metacharacters targeting the vulnerable endpoint
• Deploy file integrity monitoring on web directories to detect unauthorized file uploads or modifications
• Use endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions to identify suspicious process chains originating from PHP interpreter processes

Monitoring Recommendations

• Enable verbose logging on the WeGIA application and review logs for suspicious import operations
• Configure real-time alerting for any new PHP file creation in web directories
• Monitor system call activity from the web server user account for command execution anomalies
• Establish baseline network behavior for the web server and alert on deviations indicating potential command-and-control communications

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-27140

Immediate Actions Required

• Upgrade WeGIA to version 3.2.15 or later immediately, as this version contains the security patch
• If immediate upgrade is not possible, restrict network access to the importar_dump.php endpoint using firewall rules or web server configuration
• Review server logs for any evidence of prior exploitation attempts
• Conduct a thorough security assessment of the web server for indicators of compromise, including webshell presence

Patch Information

WeGIA has released version 3.2.15 which addresses this vulnerability. The security fix is available through the official GitHub repository. Organizations should review the GitHub commit for technical details on the remediation and consult the GitHub Security Advisory GHSA-xw6w-x28r-2p5c for additional guidance.

Workarounds

• Block access to importar_dump.php at the web server or reverse proxy level if the import functionality is not required
• Implement network segmentation to limit exposure of WeGIA instances to trusted networks only
• Deploy a Web Application Firewall with rules specifically targeting command injection payloads
• Consider temporarily disabling the import dump functionality until the patch can be applied

# Example Apache configuration to block access to vulnerable endpoint
<Location /importar_dump.php>
    Order deny,allow
    Deny from all
    # Optionally allow from specific trusted IPs
    # Allow from 192.168.1.0/24
</Location>