CVE-2025-2565 Overview
A data exposure vulnerability has been identified in Liferay Portal and Liferay Digital Experience Platform (DXP) that allows unauthorized users to obtain entry data from forms. This information disclosure flaw affects multiple versions of both products, potentially exposing sensitive form submission data to attackers who should not have access to this information.
The vulnerability stems from improper handling of form entry data, where access controls are insufficient to prevent unauthorized users from retrieving submitted form entries. This could lead to exposure of personally identifiable information (PII), business-sensitive data, or other confidential information collected through Liferay forms.
Critical Impact
Unauthorized users can access form entry data, potentially exposing sensitive information submitted by legitimate users across affected Liferay Portal and DXP installations.
Affected Products
- Liferay Portal 7.4.0 through 7.4.3.126
- Liferay DXP 2024.Q3.0, 2024.Q2.0 through 2024.Q2.12, 2024.Q1.1 through 2024.Q1.12
- Liferay DXP 2023.Q4.0 through 2023.Q4.10, 2023.Q3.1 through 2023.Q3.10
- Liferay DXP 7.4 GA through update 92
Discovery Timeline
- March 20, 2025 - CVE-2025-2565 published to NVD
- December 16, 2025 - Last updated in NVD database
Technical Details for CVE-2025-2565
Vulnerability Analysis
This vulnerability is classified under CWE-201 (Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Sent Data), indicating that the application improperly exposes sensitive information during data transmission or retrieval operations. The flaw exists in how Liferay handles form entry data access controls.
The vulnerability allows network-based attacks where an unauthorized user can craft requests to obtain form entry data that should be restricted. The attack requires some user interaction but does not require prior authentication or special privileges to exploit. While the vulnerability has limited impact on confidentiality of the vulnerable system and downstream systems, it does not affect integrity or availability.
Root Cause
The root cause of this vulnerability lies in insufficient authorization checks within Liferay's form handling mechanisms. When processing requests for form entry data, the application fails to properly validate whether the requesting user has the appropriate permissions to access the requested entries. This allows unauthenticated or unauthorized users to retrieve data that should only be accessible to administrators or specifically authorized users.
Attack Vector
The attack is conducted over the network, targeting Liferay Portal or DXP installations that host forms with sensitive data. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by:
- Identifying a target Liferay instance with forms containing valuable data
- Crafting requests to the form entry retrieval endpoints
- Bypassing the insufficient access controls to retrieve form submission data
- Extracting sensitive information from the responses
The attack does not require authentication, making any publicly accessible Liferay installation with forms a potential target. The vulnerability is particularly concerning for organizations using Liferay forms to collect customer information, support requests, or other business-critical data.
Detection Methods for CVE-2025-2565
Indicators of Compromise
- Unusual access patterns to form entry API endpoints from unauthenticated sessions
- Elevated volume of requests to form data retrieval endpoints
- Access logs showing form entry queries from unexpected IP addresses or user contexts
- Data exfiltration patterns indicating bulk retrieval of form submissions
Detection Strategies
- Monitor access logs for unauthenticated requests to form entry endpoints such as /o/forms/ or related API paths
- Implement web application firewall (WAF) rules to detect anomalous form data access patterns
- Configure alerting for bulk data retrieval attempts targeting form submissions
- Review audit logs for access to form entries by users who should not have permissions
Monitoring Recommendations
- Enable detailed logging for all form-related API endpoints in Liferay
- Set up SIEM rules to correlate form access events with user authentication status
- Monitor for any unauthorized API calls to DDMFormInstanceRecordService or similar form-related services
- Implement rate limiting on form entry retrieval endpoints to slow potential data harvesting
How to Mitigate CVE-2025-2565
Immediate Actions Required
- Upgrade Liferay Portal to version 7.4.3.127 or later
- Upgrade Liferay DXP to the latest quarterly release that addresses this vulnerability
- Review existing form entry data for potential unauthorized access
- Audit access logs to determine if exploitation has occurred
Patch Information
Liferay has acknowledged this vulnerability and published a security advisory. Organizations should consult the Liferay Security Advisory for CVE-2025-2565 for specific patching instructions and updated version information. Apply the vendor-provided patches as the primary remediation strategy.
Workarounds
- Restrict network access to Liferay form endpoints using firewall rules or reverse proxy configurations
- Implement additional authentication layers such as VPN or network segmentation for sensitive form data
- Temporarily disable public-facing forms containing sensitive data until patches can be applied
- Apply web application firewall rules to filter suspicious requests to form data endpoints
# Example: Restrict access to form endpoints at the reverse proxy level
# Apache configuration example
<Location "/o/forms/">
Require ip 10.0.0.0/8
Require ip 192.168.0.0/16
</Location>
Disclaimer: This content was generated using AI. While we strive for accuracy, please verify critical information with official sources.
