CVE-2025-24406: Adobe Commerce Path Traversal Flaw

CVE-2025-24406 Overview

CVE-2025-24406 is a path traversal vulnerability (CWE-22) affecting Adobe Commerce, Adobe Commerce B2B, and Magento Open Source. The flaw stems from improper limitation of a pathname to a restricted directory. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this issue over the network without user interaction to modify files stored outside the intended restricted directory, leading to a security feature bypass. Adobe disclosed the vulnerability in security advisory APSB25-08 on February 11, 2025.

Critical Impact
Unauthenticated attackers can modify files outside the restricted directory, bypassing security controls and compromising the integrity of Adobe Commerce, Commerce B2B, and Magento Open Source deployments.

Affected Products

Adobe Commerce versions 2.4.8-beta1, 2.4.7-p3, 2.4.6-p8, 2.4.5-p10, 2.4.4-p11 and earlier
Adobe Commerce B2B versions 1.5.0, 1.4.2-p3, 1.3.5-p8, 1.3.4-p10, 1.3.3-p11 and earlier
Magento Open Source versions matching the Adobe Commerce release tree

Discovery Timeline

2025-02-11 - CVE-2025-24406 published to NVD and disclosed in Adobe Security Advisory APSB25-08
2025-04-17 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-24406

Vulnerability Analysis

The vulnerability is classified as Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory (CWE-22). Adobe Commerce fails to properly validate or canonicalize pathname inputs before performing file operations. An attacker can supply crafted path sequences that escape the intended directory boundary. The result is a security feature bypass that allows unauthorized modification of files on the host filesystem.

The impact is constrained to integrity, with no direct confidentiality or availability impact according to the CVSS vector. However, in a Commerce deployment, integrity loss is significant. Attackers who write or overwrite arbitrary files can stage follow-on attacks, including web shell placement, configuration tampering, or skimmer injection targeting payment flows.

Root Cause

The root cause is insufficient sanitization of user-controlled path components before they are concatenated to filesystem paths. The application accepts traversal sequences such as ../ without normalizing them against the intended base directory. Adobe has not published the specific component or function affected, and the advisory does not enumerate the vulnerable endpoint.

Attack Vector

The attack vector is network-based and requires no authentication or user interaction. An attacker sends a specially crafted HTTP request containing traversal payloads to a vulnerable Commerce endpoint. The request causes the application to resolve and operate on a file outside the restricted directory. No verified proof-of-concept exploit is publicly available, and the CVE is not listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.

The vulnerability mechanism is described in prose only. Refer to the Adobe Security Advisory APSB25-08 for vendor-provided technical context.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-24406

Indicators of Compromise

Unexpected modifications to files outside the Commerce web root, including app/etc/env.php, theme files, or pub/media subdirectories
HTTP requests containing encoded or raw path traversal sequences such as ../, ..%2f, or %2e%2e%2f in URL paths or query parameters
New or modified PHP files in writable directories that do not correspond to known deployment or extension activity

Detection Strategies

Inspect web server access logs for requests targeting Commerce endpoints with directory traversal patterns and correlate with subsequent file creation events on the host
Deploy file integrity monitoring on the Commerce installation directory, with focus on configuration files, cron scripts, and the var/ and pub/ paths
Use a Web Application Firewall (WAF) rule set that blocks path traversal payloads against Commerce admin and storefront routes

Monitoring Recommendations

Forward web server, PHP-FPM, and host filesystem audit logs to a centralized analytics platform for correlation across Commerce nodes
Alert on writes to PHP files within Commerce directories outside scheduled deployment windows
Monitor outbound network connections from the Commerce server for signs of post-exploitation activity such as web shell beaconing

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-24406

Immediate Actions Required

Apply the security updates referenced in Adobe Security Advisory APSB25-08 to all Adobe Commerce, Commerce B2B, and Magento Open Source instances
Inventory all Commerce deployments and confirm patched build versions across staging, production, and disaster recovery environments
Review filesystem and access logs for evidence of pre-patch exploitation activity, focusing on file modifications outside expected paths

Patch Information

Adobe released fixed versions in advisory APSB25-08 published on February 11, 2025. Administrators must upgrade to the patched releases identified by Adobe for their respective product line. Refer to the Adobe Security Advisory APSB25-08 for exact patched version numbers and download instructions.

Workarounds

Restrict access to non-public Commerce administrative endpoints using network-level controls and IP allowlists where feasible
Enforce strict WAF rules that reject HTTP requests containing path traversal sequences before they reach the Commerce application
Apply least-privilege filesystem permissions so that the web server process cannot write to configuration, code, or template directories outside of deployment workflows

bash

# Example WAF rule (ModSecurity) blocking path traversal against Commerce endpoints
SecRule REQUEST_URI|ARGS "@rx (?:\.\./|\.\.\\|%2e%2e%2f|%2e%2e/|\.\.%2f)" \
    "id:1024406,phase:2,deny,status:403,log,msg:'CVE-2025-24406 path traversal attempt'"