CVE-2025-2064: Life Insurance Management System SQLi Flaw

CVE-2025-2064 Overview

A SQL injection vulnerability has been identified in Projectworlds Life Insurance Management System version 1.0. The vulnerability exists in the /deletePayment.php file, where the recipt_no parameter is not properly sanitized before being used in SQL queries. This allows remote attackers to inject malicious SQL commands, potentially compromising the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the underlying database.

Critical Impact

Remote attackers can exploit this SQL injection vulnerability to extract sensitive insurance and payment data, modify database records, or potentially gain unauthorized access to the backend database system without authentication.

Affected Products

• Projectworlds Life Insurance Management System 1.0

Discovery Timeline

• March 7, 2025 - CVE-2025-2064 published to NVD
• May 14, 2025 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-2064

Vulnerability Analysis

This vulnerability is classified as a SQL Injection (CWE-74: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component). The vulnerable endpoint /deletePayment.php accepts a parameter called recipt_no that is directly incorporated into SQL queries without proper input validation or parameterization. This classic injection vulnerability allows attackers to manipulate the SQL query structure by inserting malicious payloads through the receipt number parameter.

The attack surface is particularly concerning because it targets a payment-related endpoint in an insurance management system, where sensitive financial and personal information is typically stored. The exploit has been publicly disclosed, increasing the risk of opportunistic attacks against exposed installations.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability is the lack of proper input sanitization and the absence of parameterized queries (prepared statements) in the deletePayment.php script. The application directly concatenates user-supplied input into SQL statements, allowing attackers to break out of the intended query context and execute arbitrary SQL commands.

Attack Vector

The vulnerability can be exploited remotely over the network without requiring authentication. An attacker can craft a malicious HTTP request to the /deletePayment.php endpoint with a specially crafted recipt_no parameter containing SQL injection payloads. The attack does not require user interaction and can be automated using common SQL injection tools.

The exploitation technique involves manipulating the recipt_no parameter to inject SQL commands. Attackers may use techniques such as UNION-based injection to extract data, Boolean-based blind injection to enumerate database contents, or time-based blind injection when error messages are suppressed. For detailed technical analysis, see the GitHub issue documenting this vulnerability.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-2064

Indicators of Compromise

• HTTP requests to /deletePayment.php containing SQL syntax such as single quotes, UNION statements, or comment sequences (--, /**/)
• Database errors or unexpected application behavior when processing receipt numbers
• Unusual database query patterns or slow query logs showing injection attempts
• Web server access logs showing repeated requests to the vulnerable endpoint with varying payloads

Detection Strategies

• Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block SQL injection patterns in the recipt_no parameter
• Configure database activity monitoring to alert on anomalous queries originating from the application
• Deploy intrusion detection systems (IDS) with signatures for common SQL injection attack patterns
• Review web server access logs for suspicious requests targeting /deletePayment.php

Monitoring Recommendations

• Enable detailed logging for the /deletePayment.php endpoint and monitor for unusual request patterns
• Set up alerts for database errors that may indicate exploitation attempts
• Monitor for data exfiltration attempts through unusually large query responses
• Track failed login attempts and unauthorized data access in the insurance management system

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-2064

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict access to the /deletePayment.php endpoint using network-level controls or web server configuration
• Implement input validation to allow only expected formats (numeric receipt numbers) in the recipt_no parameter
• Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with SQL injection protection rules
• Consider temporarily disabling the vulnerable functionality until a patch is available

Patch Information

No official vendor patch has been identified for this vulnerability. Organizations using Projectworlds Life Insurance Management System 1.0 should contact the vendor for remediation guidance or consider implementing code-level fixes. For additional context, refer to the VulDB entry for this vulnerability.

Workarounds

• Modify the source code to use parameterized queries (prepared statements) instead of string concatenation for SQL queries
• Implement strict input validation to accept only numeric values for the recipt_no parameter
• Add authentication requirements to the vulnerable endpoint if not already present
• Deploy network segmentation to limit exposure of the vulnerable application to trusted networks only

# Example: Apache .htaccess rule to restrict access to vulnerable endpoint
<Files "deletePayment.php">
    Require ip 192.168.1.0/24
    Require all denied
</Files>