CVE-2025-15450: sfturing hosp_order SQLi Vulnerability

CVE-2025-15450 Overview

A SQL injection vulnerability has been identified in the sfturing hosp_order application, specifically affecting the findOrderHosNum function located in the /ssm_pro/orderHos/ file path. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to manipulate the hospitalAddress and hospitalName parameters to inject malicious SQL queries, potentially compromising the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of the underlying database.

Critical Impact

Remote attackers can exploit this SQL injection vulnerability to extract sensitive data, modify database records, or potentially gain unauthorized access to backend systems through crafted requests to the affected endpoint.

Affected Products

• sfturing hosp_order (up to commit 627f426331da8086ce8fff2017d65b1ddef384f8)
• This product does not use versioning, making it difficult to determine specific affected releases

Discovery Timeline

• 2026-01-05 - CVE-2025-15450 published to NVD
• 2026-01-08 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-15450

Vulnerability Analysis

This SQL injection vulnerability (CWE-74: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component) exists due to insufficient input validation in the findOrderHosNum function. The function processes user-supplied input from the hospitalAddress and hospitalName parameters without proper sanitization, allowing attackers to inject arbitrary SQL commands.

The vulnerability is exploitable remotely over the network and requires low privileges to execute. While the attack complexity is low and requires no user interaction, the impact is constrained to low-level breaches of confidentiality, integrity, and availability within the vulnerable component's scope.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability stems from the direct concatenation or improper handling of user input within SQL queries. The findOrderHosNum function fails to implement parameterized queries or proper input sanitization for the hospitalAddress and hospitalName parameters, allowing malicious SQL syntax to be interpreted by the database engine rather than treated as literal string data.

Attack Vector

The attack can be launched remotely against the /ssm_pro/orderHos/ endpoint. An attacker with low-level privileges can craft malicious HTTP requests containing SQL injection payloads in either the hospitalAddress or hospitalName parameters. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and documented in GitHub Issue #111, making this vulnerability easily accessible to potential attackers.

The network-based attack vector combined with publicly available exploit information increases the risk of exploitation in production environments.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-15450

Indicators of Compromise

• Anomalous SQL syntax patterns in HTTP request parameters targeting /ssm_pro/orderHos/
• Database error messages in application logs indicating malformed queries
• Unexpected database queries containing UNION, SELECT, or other SQL keywords in the hospitalAddress or hospitalName fields
• Unusual database access patterns or data exfiltration attempts

Detection Strategies

• Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect SQL injection patterns in requests to the /ssm_pro/orderHos/ endpoint
• Monitor application logs for SQL syntax errors or database connection anomalies
• Deploy intrusion detection systems (IDS) with signatures for common SQL injection payloads
• Enable database query logging and analyze for suspicious query patterns

Monitoring Recommendations

• Configure real-time alerting for requests containing SQL metacharacters in the hospitalAddress and hospitalName parameters
• Establish baseline metrics for database query patterns and alert on deviations
• Monitor for unusual data access patterns that may indicate successful exploitation
• Review authentication logs for potential privilege escalation following SQL injection attempts

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-15450

Immediate Actions Required

• Review and audit all code paths that handle the hospitalAddress and hospitalName parameters
• Implement input validation and parameterized queries for the findOrderHosNum function
• Deploy WAF rules to block known SQL injection patterns targeting the affected endpoint
• Consider restricting access to the /ssm_pro/orderHos/ endpoint until a fix is applied

Patch Information

The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond. As this product does not use versioning, no official patch version is available. Organizations using this software should monitor the GitHub repository for any community-contributed fixes or consider implementing their own remediation.

For detailed vulnerability information, refer to VulDB entry #339483.

Workarounds

• Implement application-level input validation to sanitize hospitalAddress and hospitalName parameters before processing
• Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with SQL injection detection capabilities in front of the application
• Use prepared statements or parameterized queries in a custom patch to the affected function
• Consider network segmentation to limit exposure of the vulnerable endpoint to trusted networks only
• Implement database-level access controls to limit the potential damage from successful SQL injection attacks

# Example WAF rule configuration (ModSecurity)
# Block SQL injection patterns in hospitalAddress and hospitalName parameters
SecRule ARGS:hospitalAddress|ARGS:hospitalName "@detectSQLi" \
    "id:1001,phase:2,deny,status:403,msg:'SQL Injection Attempt Detected in hosp_order parameters'"