CVE-2025-14707: Sgwbox N3 Firmware RCE Vulnerability

CVE-2025-14707 Overview

CVE-2025-14707 is a command injection vulnerability affecting Shiguangwu sgwbox N3 version 2.0.25. The flaw resides in an unknown function within the /usr/sbin/http_eshell_server binary, which is part of the device's DOCKER feature. Manipulation of the params argument allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to inject arbitrary operating system commands. Public exploit details have been released, increasing the likelihood of opportunistic attacks. The vendor was contacted prior to disclosure but did not respond. The weakness is classified under CWE-77 Command Injection and CWE-74 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements.

Critical Impact

Unauthenticated remote attackers can execute arbitrary operating system commands on affected sgwbox N3 NAS devices, leading to full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

Affected Products

• Shiguangwu sgwbox N3 firmware version 2.0.25
• Shiguangwu sgwbox N3 hardware appliance
• Devices running the http_eshell_server DOCKER feature component

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-12-15 - CVE-2025-14707 published to the National Vulnerability Database
• 2026-01-09 - Last updated in the NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-14707

Vulnerability Analysis

The vulnerability exists in the http_eshell_server binary located at /usr/sbin/http_eshell_server on the sgwbox N3 device. This component exposes HTTP-accessible functionality tied to the device's DOCKER feature. The params argument is processed without proper neutralization of shell metacharacters before being passed to an underlying command execution routine.

Because the affected endpoint is reachable over the network and requires no authentication or user interaction, attackers can issue crafted HTTP requests directly against the appliance. Successful exploitation yields arbitrary command execution in the context of the service process, which on embedded NAS firmware commonly runs with elevated privileges.

Public release of exploit material lowers the technical barrier for attackers. The absence of vendor response means no official patch is currently available, leaving deployed devices exposed.

Root Cause

The root cause is improper input neutralization. The params argument flows into a system-level command invocation without sanitization, validation, or use of safe execution APIs. This pattern aligns with CWE-77, where user-controlled input alters the structure of an executed command string.

Attack Vector

An attacker sends a crafted HTTP request to the http_eshell_server endpoint exposed by the device. The params parameter contains shell metacharacters such as ;, |, or backticks followed by attacker-chosen commands. The server concatenates the value into a command string and passes it to the shell, executing the injected payload. See the Notion Security Analysis: NAS-N3 Injection for documented technical details. No verified exploit code is reproduced here.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-14707

Indicators of Compromise

• Unexpected HTTP requests to the http_eshell_server service containing shell metacharacters in the params query parameter or POST body
• New or unauthorized processes spawned as children of the http_eshell_server process
• Outbound connections from the NAS to unfamiliar IP addresses, particularly to command-and-control or reverse-shell listeners
• Unexpected modifications to system binaries, startup scripts, or Docker container configurations on the device

Detection Strategies

• Inspect HTTP request logs for the params argument containing characters such as ;, &&, |, $(), or backticks
• Monitor for child processes of http_eshell_server invoking shells (/bin/sh, /bin/bash) or network tools (wget, curl, nc, busybox)
• Correlate inbound HTTP traffic to the device with subsequent outbound connections initiated by the appliance

Monitoring Recommendations

• Forward NAS access logs and process telemetry to a centralized logging or SIEM platform for retention and correlation
• Baseline normal administrative traffic to the device and alert on deviations, especially requests targeting DOCKER-related endpoints
• Track firmware version inventory across the environment to identify devices running sgwbox N3 2.0.25

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-14707

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict network access to sgwbox N3 management interfaces to trusted administrative networks only, blocking all internet-facing exposure
• Disable the DOCKER feature on affected devices if it is not required for operations
• Audit existing deployments for indicators of compromise, including unexpected processes, scheduled tasks, and outbound connections
• Treat any internet-exposed sgwbox N3 device as potentially compromised pending forensic review

Patch Information

No vendor patch is currently available. The vendor did not respond to disclosure attempts according to VulDB #336424. Monitor the VulDB CTI entry and vendor channels for future advisories. Until an official fix is released, compensating controls are the only mitigation path.

Workarounds

• Place affected devices behind a firewall or VPN and deny all unsolicited inbound HTTP traffic to the appliance
• Apply network segmentation so the NAS cannot initiate arbitrary outbound connections to the internet
• Implement web application firewall rules that block requests containing shell metacharacters in the params parameter targeting http_eshell_server
• Consider replacing the device with a supported alternative if the vendor remains unresponsive

# Example iptables rule restricting access to the NAS management interface
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -s 10.0.0.0/24 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j DROP
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -s 10.0.0.0/24 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j DROP