CVE-2025-14091: PHP-Guitar-Shop SQL Injection Vulnerability

CVE-2025-14091 Overview

CVE-2025-14091 is a SQL injection vulnerability in TrippWasTaken PHP-Guitar-Shop, affecting commits up to 6ce0868889617c1975982aae6df8e49555d0d555. The flaw resides in the /product.php file within the Product Details Page component. Attackers can manipulate the ID parameter to inject arbitrary SQL statements into backend database queries. The vulnerability is remotely exploitable without authentication or user interaction. A public exploit has been disclosed, increasing the risk of opportunistic attacks. The vendor follows a rolling release model and did not respond to disclosure attempts, so no fixed version is identified.

Critical Impact

Unauthenticated remote attackers can extract, modify, or delete database contents through the vulnerable ID parameter on the product details page.

Affected Products

• TrippWasTaken PHP-Guitar-Shop (rolling release)
• Commit 6ce0868889617c1975982aae6df8e49555d0d555 and earlier
• /product.php Product Details Page component

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-12-05 - CVE-2025-14091 published to NVD
• 2026-04-29 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-14091

Vulnerability Analysis

The vulnerability falls under [CWE-74] (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component). The /product.php script accepts an ID parameter from user-controlled HTTP input and incorporates it directly into a SQL query without sanitization or parameterized binding. An attacker can append SQL syntax to the ID value to alter the query logic. This allows extraction of sensitive data, authentication bypass through subqueries, or modification of stored records. Because PHP-Guitar-Shop uses a rolling release model with no versioned patches, defenders cannot reference a fixed build. The vendor did not respond to disclosure, leaving the issue unaddressed in the upstream repository.

Root Cause

The root cause is direct concatenation of the untrusted ID request parameter into a SQL statement executed against the product database. The application does not use prepared statements, parameterized queries, or input validation routines to enforce a numeric type on ID.

Attack Vector

An unauthenticated attacker sends a crafted HTTP request to /product.php with a malicious payload in the ID query string parameter. The injected SQL is executed in the context of the application's database user. No prior access, credentials, or social engineering steps are required. Public proof-of-concept material is referenced in the GitHub Document Resource and VulDB entry #334481.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-14091

Indicators of Compromise

• HTTP requests to /product.php containing SQL metacharacters such as ', --, UNION, SELECT, or OR 1=1 in the ID parameter
• Web server access logs showing abnormally long or URL-encoded ID values
• Database error messages returned in HTTP responses originating from product detail requests
• Unexpected outbound data volume from the database server to the web tier

Detection Strategies

• Deploy web application firewall rules that flag SQL injection patterns targeting the ID parameter on /product.php
• Enable database query logging and alert on queries against the products table that include UNION, INFORMATION_SCHEMA, or comment terminators
• Correlate web access logs with database audit logs to identify anomalous query shapes tied to a single source IP

Monitoring Recommendations

• Monitor PHP error logs for SQL syntax errors generated by malformed injection attempts
• Baseline normal ID parameter values as numeric and alert on non-numeric input
• Track repeated 500-series responses from /product.php as a signal of probing activity

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-14091

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict public exposure of PHP-Guitar-Shop instances or place them behind an authenticated reverse proxy until a fix is applied
• Apply a WAF rule to reject non-numeric values for the ID parameter on /product.php
• Audit the database account used by the application and reduce its privileges to the minimum required
• Review database and web logs for evidence of prior exploitation referencing the public proof-of-concept

Patch Information

No vendor patch is available. The maintainer of TrippWasTaken PHP-Guitar-Shop did not respond to the disclosure, and the project uses rolling releases without versioned advisories. Operators must apply source-level fixes by replacing the vulnerable query in /product.php with a prepared statement using parameter binding, and by validating that ID is an integer before use.

Workarounds

• Enforce server-side input validation that casts the ID parameter to an integer before any database use
• Replace direct query concatenation with PDO or MySQLi prepared statements using bound parameters
• Apply least-privilege database permissions so the web application cannot read or modify unrelated tables
• Place the application behind a WAF with SQL injection signatures enabled

# Example: enforce numeric ID at the web tier with an Nginx location block
location = /product.php {
    if ($arg_ID !~ ^[0-9]+$) {
        return 400;
    }
    fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php-fpm.sock;
    include fastcgi_params;
}