CVE-2025-13805 Overview
A deserialization vulnerability has been identified in nutzam NutzBoot versions up to 2.6.0-SNAPSHOT. The vulnerability affects the getInputStream function within the HttpServletRpcEndpoint.java file of the LiteRpc-Serializer component. When successfully exploited, this flaw allows attackers to achieve remote code execution through malicious deserialization of untrusted data. The attack can be launched remotely over the network, though exploitation requires high complexity and is characterized as difficult.
Critical Impact
Remote attackers may achieve code execution through insecure deserialization in the LiteRpc-Serializer component, potentially compromising application integrity and confidentiality.
Affected Products
- nutzam NutzBoot up to version 2.6.0-SNAPSHOT
- NutzCloud LiteRpc-Serializer component
- Applications using HttpServletRpcEndpoint.java for RPC serialization
Discovery Timeline
- 2025-12-01 - CVE-2025-13805 published to NVD
- 2025-12-01 - Last updated in NVD database
Technical Details for CVE-2025-13805
Vulnerability Analysis
CVE-2025-13805 is an insecure deserialization vulnerability (CWE-20: Improper Input Validation) affecting the NutzBoot framework's LiteRpc-Serializer component. The vulnerability exists in the getInputStream function located at nutzcloud/nutzcloud-literpc/src/main/java/org/nutz/boot/starter/literpc/impl/endpoint/http/HttpServletRpcEndpoint.java.
The vulnerability has been assigned a CVSS 4.0 score of 6.3 (Medium) with the following vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X.
According to EPSS data from 2025-12-16, this vulnerability has an exploit probability of 0.041% and sits at the 12.173 percentile, indicating relatively low predicted exploitation activity in the wild.
Root Cause
The root cause of this vulnerability lies in improper input validation during the deserialization process within the LiteRpc-Serializer component. The getInputStream function fails to adequately validate or sanitize serialized data before processing, allowing specially crafted malicious payloads to be deserialized and executed. This is a classic insecure deserialization pattern where the application trusts incoming serialized objects without proper type checking or allowlist validation.
Attack Vector
The attack vector for CVE-2025-13805 is network-based, meaning attackers can exploit this vulnerability remotely without requiring authentication or user interaction. However, the exploitation complexity is rated as high due to the specific conditions required:
- The attacker must craft a specially designed serialized payload targeting the LiteRpc-Serializer
- The malicious payload must reach the vulnerable getInputStream function in HttpServletRpcEndpoint.java
- The target application must be configured to process RPC requests through this endpoint
The vulnerability allows for manipulation of the deserialization process, potentially leading to arbitrary code execution on the target system. Technical details and proof-of-concept information are available in the referenced security reports on GitHub.
Detection Methods for CVE-2025-13805
Indicators of Compromise
- Anomalous RPC requests containing unusual serialized object structures
- Unexpected outbound network connections from NutzBoot application processes
- Suspicious Java deserialization activity in application logs
- Presence of known gadget chain classes in serialized payloads
- Unusual process spawning from Java application threads
Detection Strategies
Organizations should implement multiple detection layers to identify potential exploitation attempts:
Network-Level Detection:
Monitor incoming HTTP traffic to LiteRpc endpoints for suspicious serialized payloads. Look for common Java deserialization gadget chain signatures in request bodies.
Application-Level Detection:
Enable detailed logging for the HttpServletRpcEndpoint class to capture deserialization events. Configure alerting on exceptions related to class loading or object instantiation during deserialization.
Endpoint Detection:
SentinelOne Singularity Platform provides behavioral detection capabilities that can identify exploitation attempts targeting Java deserialization vulnerabilities. The platform monitors for suspicious process execution chains and memory manipulation patterns associated with deserialization attacks.
Monitoring Recommendations
- Implement Java deserialization logging in NutzBoot applications
- Deploy network intrusion detection rules for common Java serialization headers (0xaced0005)
- Monitor for unusual class loading patterns in JVM metrics
- Enable SentinelOne's application behavior monitoring for Java processes
- Review RPC endpoint access logs for anomalous request patterns
How to Mitigate CVE-2025-13805
Immediate Actions Required
- Audit all applications using NutzBoot versions up to 2.6.0-SNAPSHOT for LiteRpc-Serializer usage
- Implement network segmentation to limit exposure of RPC endpoints
- Deploy Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to filter suspicious serialized payloads
- Enable enhanced monitoring on systems running vulnerable NutzBoot versions
- Review and restrict access to LiteRpc endpoints to trusted sources only
Patch Information
Organizations should monitor the official NutzBoot GitHub repository and nutzam project for security updates addressing this vulnerability. Until an official patch is released, implementing the workarounds below is strongly recommended.
For the latest information, refer to:
Workarounds
If immediate patching is not possible, consider the following mitigations:
Implement Input Validation: Add custom validation logic to sanitize and validate all incoming serialized data before processing in the getInputStream function.
Restrict Deserialization Classes: Configure Java serialization filters to allowlist only expected classes during deserialization operations.
Network Access Controls: Restrict network access to RPC endpoints, allowing only trusted IP addresses or networks to communicate with vulnerable services.
Disable Unused Endpoints: If the LiteRpc functionality is not required, disable the HttpServletRpcEndpoint to eliminate the attack surface.
Organizations should implement Java serialization filters as a defense-in-depth measure. Configure the JVM to restrict which classes can be deserialized by setting the jdk.serialFilter system property with an appropriate allowlist of expected classes. Additionally, consider implementing authentication requirements for all RPC endpoints to reduce the attack surface.
Disclaimer: This content was generated using AI. While we strive for accuracy, please verify critical information with official sources.
