CVE-2025-13555: School File Management System SQLi Flaw

CVE-2025-13555 Overview

A SQL injection vulnerability has been identified in Campcodes School File Management System version 1.0. The vulnerability exists in the Login component at /index.php, where the stud_no parameter is susceptible to SQL injection attacks due to improper input validation. This flaw allows remote attackers to manipulate database queries, potentially leading to unauthorized data access, data modification, or complete database compromise.

Critical Impact

Remote attackers can exploit this SQL injection vulnerability to bypass authentication, extract sensitive student and administrative data, or potentially gain unauthorized access to the underlying database system without any authentication requirements.

Affected Products

• Campcodes School File Management System 1.0
• Login component at /index.php
• Systems using the vulnerable stud_no parameter handling

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-11-23 - CVE-2025-13555 published to NVD
• 2026-02-24 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-13555

Vulnerability Analysis

This SQL injection vulnerability (CWE-89) occurs in the authentication mechanism of Campcodes School File Management System. The Login component fails to properly sanitize user-supplied input in the stud_no parameter before incorporating it into SQL queries. This allows attackers to inject malicious SQL code that gets executed by the database server.

The vulnerability is classified under both CWE-74 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component) and CWE-89 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command). The attack can be initiated remotely over the network without requiring any authentication or user interaction, making it particularly dangerous for exposed systems.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability is the lack of proper input validation and parameterized queries in the Login component. The stud_no parameter value is directly concatenated into SQL queries without sanitization or the use of prepared statements. This classic SQL injection pattern allows attackers to break out of the intended query structure and inject arbitrary SQL commands.

Attack Vector

The attack vector is network-based, targeting the /index.php file in the Login component. An attacker can craft malicious HTTP requests containing SQL injection payloads in the stud_no parameter. Since the exploit has been publicly disclosed, attackers can leverage this information to target vulnerable installations of Campcodes School File Management System.

The vulnerability can be exploited through standard SQL injection techniques such as:

• Authentication bypass using tautology-based injections (e.g., ' OR '1'='1)
• Union-based injection to extract data from other database tables
• Boolean-based blind injection to enumerate database contents
• Time-based blind injection when direct data extraction is not possible

For technical details on the exploitation mechanism, refer to the GitHub CVE Issue Discussion and VulDB #333322.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-13555

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual SQL error messages in web server logs related to /index.php
• Multiple failed authentication attempts with special characters in the stud_no field
• Database query logs showing unexpected UNION, SELECT, or comment characters
• Anomalous access patterns to the Login component from external IP addresses

Detection Strategies

• Implement web application firewall (WAF) rules to detect SQL injection patterns in the stud_no parameter
• Monitor application logs for SQL syntax errors or database connection anomalies
• Deploy intrusion detection signatures for common SQL injection payloads targeting login forms
• Use SentinelOne's Singularity platform to monitor for suspicious process behavior and database access patterns

Monitoring Recommendations

• Enable detailed logging for the /index.php endpoint and review for injection attempts
• Configure database audit logging to track unusual query patterns or unauthorized data access
• Set up alerts for authentication anomalies such as successful logins without valid credentials
• Regularly review access logs for reconnaissance activity targeting the School File Management System

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-13555

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict network access to the Campcodes School File Management System to trusted IP addresses only
• Implement a web application firewall (WAF) with SQL injection protection rules
• Consider taking the application offline if it contains sensitive student data and cannot be immediately patched
• Review database logs for any evidence of prior exploitation

Patch Information

As of the last update on 2026-02-24, no official patch has been released by Campcodes for this vulnerability. Organizations should monitor the CampCodes website for security updates. In the absence of an official fix, implementing the workarounds below is critical to reduce exposure.

Additional technical details and tracking information can be found at VulDB CTI ID #333322.

Workarounds

• Implement prepared statements and parameterized queries in the Login component code
• Deploy input validation to reject special characters in the stud_no field
• Use a web application firewall to filter malicious SQL injection payloads
• Limit database user permissions to minimize the impact of successful exploitation

# Example WAF rule for ModSecurity to block SQL injection in stud_no parameter
SecRule ARGS:stud_no "@detectSQLi" \
    "id:100001,\
    phase:2,\
    block,\
    msg:'SQL Injection attempt detected in stud_no parameter',\
    logdata:'Matched Data: %{MATCHED_VAR}',\
    severity:'CRITICAL',\
    tag:'application-multi',\
    tag:'language-multi',\
    tag:'attack-sqli'"