CVE-2025-1316: Edimax IC-7100 Firmware RCE Vulnerability

CVE-2025-1316 Overview

CVE-2025-1316 is a critical OS command injection vulnerability affecting the Edimax IC-7100 IP camera. The device does not properly neutralize user-supplied requests, allowing unauthenticated attackers to craft specially formatted requests that result in remote code execution on the affected device. This vulnerability is classified under CWE-78 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command).

Critical Impact

This vulnerability is actively exploited in the wild and has been added to CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog. Attackers can achieve full remote code execution on vulnerable Edimax IC-7100 cameras without authentication, potentially compromising network security and enabling surveillance abuse.

Affected Products

• Edimax IC-7100 Firmware (all versions)
• Edimax IC-7100 Hardware Device
• Network environments utilizing Edimax IC-7100 IP cameras

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-03-05 - CVE-2025-1316 published to NVD
• 2025-10-30 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-1316

Vulnerability Analysis

The Edimax IC-7100 IP camera contains an OS command injection vulnerability in its request handling mechanism. The device fails to properly sanitize user-controlled input before passing it to system shell commands. This lack of input validation allows attackers to inject arbitrary operating system commands that execute with the privileges of the web service process running on the device.

As an IoT/embedded system vulnerability, the IC-7100's firmware does not implement adequate input neutralization, making it susceptible to command injection attacks. The network-accessible nature of the vulnerability combined with the lack of authentication requirements significantly increases the exploitation potential and attack surface.

Root Cause

The root cause of CVE-2025-1316 is improper input validation and insufficient neutralization of special characters in user-supplied requests. The firmware fails to sanitize metacharacters such as semicolons, pipes, backticks, and other shell command separators before processing requests. This allows attackers to break out of the intended command context and inject arbitrary OS commands that are executed by the underlying system.

Attack Vector

The attack vector for CVE-2025-1316 is network-based, requiring no prior authentication or user interaction. An attacker with network access to the vulnerable Edimax IC-7100 device can send specially crafted HTTP requests containing malicious command sequences. These requests exploit the improper input neutralization to execute arbitrary commands on the device's operating system.

The exploitation typically involves:

1. Identifying a vulnerable Edimax IC-7100 device on the network
2. Crafting malicious HTTP requests with embedded OS commands using shell metacharacters
3. Sending the crafted requests to the device's web interface
4. The injected commands execute with the privileges of the web server process

Technical details regarding specific exploitation methods can be found in the CISA ICS Advisory ICSA-25-063-08.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-1316

Indicators of Compromise

• Unexpected outbound network connections from Edimax IC-7100 devices to unknown IP addresses
• Unusual process execution or system commands running on the camera device
• Modified firmware or configuration files on the affected device
• Network traffic containing shell metacharacters (;, |, $(), backticks) directed at the device's web interface

Detection Strategies

• Monitor HTTP traffic to Edimax IC-7100 devices for requests containing OS command injection patterns
• Implement network intrusion detection rules targeting CWE-78 command injection signatures
• Review access logs for anomalous request patterns to the device's management interface
• Deploy network segmentation monitoring to detect unauthorized communication from IoT devices

Monitoring Recommendations

• Isolate Edimax IC-7100 cameras on dedicated network segments with strict egress filtering
• Enable logging on network security devices monitoring traffic to and from IoT devices
• Configure SIEM alerts for command injection attack patterns targeting camera interfaces
• Regularly audit network traffic patterns from IP camera devices for anomalous behavior

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-1316

Immediate Actions Required

• Immediately isolate affected Edimax IC-7100 devices from direct internet exposure
• Place vulnerable cameras behind properly configured firewalls with strict access controls
• Implement network segmentation to prevent lateral movement from compromised devices
• Consider replacing end-of-life devices if no vendor patch is available

Patch Information

Organizations should consult the CISA ICS Advisory ICSA-25-063-08 for the latest vendor guidance and patch availability. Given that this vulnerability is listed in CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog, federal agencies are required to apply mitigations according to established timelines.

Workarounds

• Restrict network access to Edimax IC-7100 devices using firewall rules allowing only trusted IP addresses
• Disable remote management capabilities if not operationally required
• Implement VPN-only access for remote administration of the devices
• Deploy a web application firewall (WAF) with command injection detection rules in front of the device

# Example firewall rule to restrict access to Edimax camera (iptables)
# Replace 192.168.1.100 with your camera IP and trusted network range
iptables -A INPUT -d 192.168.1.100 -s 10.0.0.0/24 -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -d 192.168.1.100 -p tcp --dport 80 -j DROP
iptables -A INPUT -d 192.168.1.100 -p tcp --dport 443 -j DROP