CVE-2025-12463: Geutebruck G-Cam SQLi Vulnerability

CVE-2025-12463 Overview

An unauthenticated SQL Injection vulnerability has been discovered in Geutebruck G-Cam E-Series Cameras. The vulnerability exists within the Group parameter in the /uapi-cgi/viewer/Param.cgi script, allowing remote attackers to inject malicious SQL queries without requiring any authentication. This has been confirmed on the EFD-2130 camera running firmware version 1.12.0.19.

Critical Impact

This unauthenticated SQL Injection vulnerability allows remote attackers to compromise the database integrity, potentially extract sensitive information, modify camera configurations, or cause denial of service conditions on affected Geutebruck G-Cam E-Series cameras without any authentication requirements.

Affected Products

• Geutebruck G-Cam E-Series Cameras
• Geutebruck EFD-2130 (confirmed on firmware version 1.12.0.19)
• Other G-Cam E-Series models may be affected

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-11-03 - CVE-2025-12463 published to NVD
• 2025-11-04 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-12463

Vulnerability Analysis

This vulnerability is classified as CWE-89 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command), commonly known as SQL Injection. The flaw resides in the /uapi-cgi/viewer/Param.cgi script, which fails to properly sanitize user-supplied input passed through the Group parameter before incorporating it into SQL queries.

The unauthenticated nature of this vulnerability significantly increases its risk profile. Attackers can remotely exploit this flaw without needing valid credentials, making it trivial to discover and exploit on internet-facing cameras. Since this affects IoT surveillance equipment, successful exploitation could lead to complete compromise of camera functionality, access to stored footage metadata, and potential pivoting to other network resources.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability is insufficient input validation and sanitization in the Param.cgi script. The Group parameter accepts user input directly without proper escaping, parameterization, or validation, allowing SQL metacharacters to be interpreted as part of the SQL query structure rather than as literal data values.

Attack Vector

The attack is network-based and requires no authentication or user interaction. An attacker can craft malicious HTTP requests to the /uapi-cgi/viewer/Param.cgi endpoint with specially crafted SQL injection payloads in the Group parameter. Since the camera's web interface is often exposed to the network (and potentially the internet for remote monitoring purposes), the attack surface is significant.

The exploitation process involves sending HTTP requests containing SQL injection payloads within the Group parameter. The vulnerable script processes this input without proper sanitization, executing the injected SQL commands against the underlying database. This can result in unauthorized data extraction, data manipulation, or database-level denial of service.

For detailed technical analysis and proof-of-concept information, refer to the Black Lantern Security Blog Post.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-12463

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual HTTP requests to /uapi-cgi/viewer/Param.cgi containing SQL metacharacters such as single quotes, double dashes, or UNION keywords in the Group parameter
• Error messages in camera logs indicating SQL syntax errors or database exceptions
• Unexpected database query patterns or unusual query execution times from camera systems
• Network traffic analysis revealing injection attempts with common SQL payloads targeting the vulnerable endpoint

Detection Strategies

• Deploy web application firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block SQL injection patterns targeting /uapi-cgi/viewer/Param.cgi
• Implement network intrusion detection signatures to identify SQL injection attempts against Geutebruck camera endpoints
• Configure SIEM correlation rules to alert on multiple failed or suspicious requests to camera CGI endpoints
• Conduct regular vulnerability scanning of IoT devices including surveillance cameras to identify unpatched systems

Monitoring Recommendations

• Enable detailed access logging on Geutebruck cameras and forward logs to centralized monitoring systems
• Monitor for anomalous outbound connections from camera devices that could indicate post-exploitation activity
• Implement network segmentation monitoring to detect lateral movement attempts from compromised IoT devices
• Set up alerts for any authentication bypass attempts or unauthorized configuration changes on camera systems

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-12463

Immediate Actions Required

• Isolate affected Geutebruck G-Cam E-Series cameras from untrusted networks immediately
• Implement network segmentation to restrict camera access to authorized management systems only
• Deploy a web application firewall or reverse proxy with SQL injection detection capabilities in front of vulnerable devices
• Audit camera access logs for evidence of exploitation attempts
• Contact Geutebruck for updated firmware versions that address this vulnerability

Patch Information

At the time of publication, specific patch information from Geutebruck was not available in the NVD entry. Organizations should contact Geutebruck directly or monitor the Black Lantern Security Blog Post for updates on vendor remediation. Check the Geutebruck support portal for firmware updates for the G-Cam E-Series cameras that address this SQL injection vulnerability.

Workarounds

• Place affected cameras behind a VPN or firewall that restricts access to trusted IP addresses only
• Disable or restrict access to the /uapi-cgi/viewer/Param.cgi endpoint if not required for operations
• Implement network access control lists (ACLs) to limit which systems can communicate with camera web interfaces
• Consider using a reverse proxy with input validation to filter malicious requests before they reach the camera

# Example firewall rule to restrict camera web interface access (iptables)
# Replace CAMERA_IP with actual camera IP and TRUSTED_NETWORK with your management VLAN
iptables -A FORWARD -d CAMERA_IP -p tcp --dport 80 -s TRUSTED_NETWORK -j ACCEPT
iptables -A FORWARD -d CAMERA_IP -p tcp --dport 80 -j DROP
iptables -A FORWARD -d CAMERA_IP -p tcp --dport 443 -s TRUSTED_NETWORK -j ACCEPT
iptables -A FORWARD -d CAMERA_IP -p tcp --dport 443 -j DROP