CVE-2025-11558: Fabian E-commerce Website SQLi Vulnerability

CVE-2025-11558 Overview

A SQL injection vulnerability has been identified in code-projects E-Commerce Website version 1.0. The vulnerability exists in the /pages/user_index_search.php file, where the Search parameter is improperly handled, allowing attackers to inject malicious SQL queries. This flaw enables remote attackers to manipulate database queries, potentially leading to unauthorized data access, modification, or deletion.

Critical Impact

Remote attackers can exploit this SQL injection vulnerability to extract sensitive customer data, bypass authentication mechanisms, or compromise the underlying database server without requiring any authentication.

Affected Products

• Fabian E-commerce Website 1.0
• code-projects E-Commerce Website 1.0

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-10-09 - CVE-2025-11558 published to NVD
• 2025-10-23 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-11558

Vulnerability Analysis

This SQL injection vulnerability (CWE-89) occurs due to improper neutralization of special elements used in SQL commands within the search functionality. The vulnerable endpoint /pages/user_index_search.php accepts user input through the Search parameter without adequate sanitization or parameterized query implementation.

When a user submits a search query, the application directly concatenates user-supplied input into SQL statements. This allows attackers to break out of the intended query structure and inject arbitrary SQL commands. The attack can be executed remotely over the network without requiring authentication, making it particularly dangerous for internet-facing e-commerce installations.

The vulnerability also falls under CWE-74 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component), indicating that the injection flaw could potentially affect other downstream components that process the manipulated data.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability is the lack of proper input validation and sanitization in the user_index_search.php script. The application fails to implement parameterized queries (prepared statements) when constructing SQL queries with user-supplied search terms. Instead, the Search parameter value is directly embedded into SQL statements, allowing attackers to inject malicious SQL syntax.

Attack Vector

The attack vector is network-based, allowing remote exploitation without authentication. An attacker can craft malicious HTTP requests to the vulnerable endpoint, injecting SQL payloads through the Search parameter. The exploit has been publicly disclosed, increasing the risk of widespread exploitation.

The attack flow typically involves:

1. Identifying the vulnerable search endpoint at /pages/user_index_search.php
2. Crafting a malicious search query containing SQL injection payloads
3. Submitting the payload via HTTP request to manipulate the backend database query
4. Extracting sensitive data or performing unauthorized database operations

Since the exploit has been made public, attackers can leverage existing proof-of-concept code to target vulnerable installations.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-11558

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual or malformed search queries in web server access logs targeting /pages/user_index_search.php
• Database error messages appearing in application responses or logs indicating SQL syntax errors
• Unexpected database queries containing SQL keywords like UNION, SELECT, OR 1=1, or comment sequences (--, /**/)
• Anomalous data access patterns or large data exports from the database

Detection Strategies

• Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block common SQL injection patterns in the Search parameter
• Configure application logging to capture all requests to /pages/user_index_search.php with full parameter values
• Deploy database activity monitoring to identify suspicious query patterns or unauthorized data access
• Use SentinelOne Singularity XDR to detect post-exploitation activities and lateral movement attempts

Monitoring Recommendations

• Monitor web server logs for requests containing SQL metacharacters (single quotes, semicolons, comment indicators) in search parameters
• Set up alerts for database errors that may indicate failed SQL injection attempts
• Review database audit logs for unauthorized SELECT statements or data exfiltration attempts
• Implement real-time monitoring for changes to database structure or user privilege modifications

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-11558

Immediate Actions Required

• Remove or disable the vulnerable search functionality at /pages/user_index_search.php until a patch is applied
• Implement input validation to whitelist allowed characters in search queries
• Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with SQL injection protection rules
• Review database user permissions to limit the impact of potential SQL injection attacks using the principle of least privilege

Patch Information

No official vendor patch has been identified for this vulnerability. Users of code-projects E-Commerce Website 1.0 should implement the workarounds below and monitor the Code Projects Resource Hub for updates. Technical details about this vulnerability are available in the GitHub CVE Report Repository and VulDB #327718.

Workarounds

• Replace vulnerable dynamic SQL queries with parameterized statements (prepared statements) to prevent SQL injection
• Implement strict input validation using allowlists for the Search parameter, rejecting any input containing SQL metacharacters
• Apply a Web Application Firewall rule specifically blocking SQL injection patterns on the /pages/user_index_search.php endpoint
• Consider migrating to a more actively maintained e-commerce platform with proper security controls

# Example WAF rule for ModSecurity to block SQL injection on vulnerable endpoint
SecRule REQUEST_URI "@contains /pages/user_index_search.php" \
    "id:1001,\
    phase:2,\
    deny,\
    chain,\
    msg:'SQL Injection attempt blocked on search endpoint'"
SecRule ARGS:Search "@detectSQLi" \
    "setvar:tx.sql_injection_score=+1"