CVE-2025-11479: Wedding Reservation System SQLi Flaw

CVE-2025-11479 Overview

A SQL injection vulnerability has been discovered in SourceCodester Wedding Reservation Management System version 1.0. The vulnerability affects the insertReservation function within the function.php file, where improper handling of the number argument allows attackers to inject malicious SQL queries. This flaw can be exploited remotely without authentication, enabling unauthorized database access and manipulation.

Critical Impact

Remote attackers can exploit this SQL injection vulnerability to access, modify, or delete sensitive reservation and customer data stored in the application's database without requiring authentication.

Affected Products

• Janobe Wedding Reservation Management System 1.0
• SourceCodester Wedding Reservation Management System deployments using function.php

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-10-08 - CVE-2025-11479 published to NVD
• 2025-10-09 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-11479

Vulnerability Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-89 (SQL Injection) and CWE-74 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component). The insertReservation function in function.php fails to properly sanitize or parameterize user-supplied input through the number argument before incorporating it into SQL queries. This allows attackers to inject arbitrary SQL commands that execute with the privileges of the database user configured for the application.

The exploit has been publicly disclosed, increasing the urgency for organizations using this system to implement protective measures. The network-based attack vector means any instance exposed to the internet or internal networks is potentially vulnerable.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability is insufficient input validation and the lack of parameterized queries (prepared statements) in the insertReservation function. When user input from the number parameter is directly concatenated into SQL statements without proper sanitization, attackers can manipulate the query structure by injecting SQL metacharacters and commands.

Attack Vector

The vulnerability is exploitable remotely over the network. An attacker can craft malicious HTTP requests containing SQL injection payloads in the number parameter when interacting with the reservation functionality. Since no authentication is required, the attack surface includes any unauthenticated user who can reach the application endpoint.

The attack flow typically involves:

1. Identifying the vulnerable endpoint that processes reservation data
2. Crafting a request with SQL injection payload in the number field
3. Exploiting the injection to extract data, bypass authentication, or manipulate database contents

For technical details and proof-of-concept information, refer to the GitHub CVE Issue Discussion and VulDB CTI Incident Report.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-11479

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual SQL error messages in application logs related to the insertReservation function
• Malformed or suspicious values in the number parameter containing SQL keywords (UNION, SELECT, INSERT, DROP, etc.)
• Unexpected database queries or data modifications in the reservation tables
• Increased error rates or timeouts from the database server

Detection Strategies

• Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect common SQL injection patterns in HTTP request parameters
• Enable and monitor application-level logging for the function.php file and insertReservation function calls
• Configure database audit logging to track unusual query patterns or privilege escalation attempts
• Deploy intrusion detection systems (IDS) with signatures for SQL injection attack patterns

Monitoring Recommendations

• Review web server access logs for requests to reservation endpoints with encoded or suspicious parameter values
• Monitor database logs for failed queries, syntax errors, or unauthorized data access attempts
• Establish baseline metrics for normal reservation traffic and alert on anomalies
• Implement real-time alerting for multiple failed SQL queries from single IP addresses

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-11479

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict network access to the Wedding Reservation Management System to trusted IP ranges only
• Implement input validation on all user-supplied parameters, especially the number field
• Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) with SQL injection protection rules
• Review and audit recent database activity for signs of exploitation
• Consider taking the application offline if it processes sensitive customer data until a patch is applied

Patch Information

As of the last NVD update on 2025-10-09, no official vendor patch has been released. Organizations should monitor SourceCodester for security updates and patches. Additionally, check VulDB for ongoing updates regarding this vulnerability.

Workarounds

• Modify the insertReservation function in function.php to use prepared statements with parameterized queries instead of string concatenation
• Implement server-side input validation to reject or sanitize SQL metacharacters in the number parameter
• Apply the principle of least privilege to the database user account used by the application
• Deploy network-level controls to limit access to the application from untrusted sources
• Consider using a database firewall to block suspicious queries at the database layer

# Example: Restrict access to the application using iptables
# Allow only trusted IP range to access web application port
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -s 192.168.1.0/24 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j DROP

# Example: Apache mod_security rule to block basic SQL injection
SecRule ARGS "@detectSQLi" "id:1001,deny,status:403,msg:'SQL Injection Attempt Detected'"