CVE-2025-11407: D-Link DI-7001 MINI RCE Vulnerability

CVE-2025-11407 Overview

A critical OS command injection vulnerability has been identified in D-Link DI-7001 MINI firmware version 24.04.18B1. The vulnerability exists in the /upgrade_filter.asp file, where improper handling of the path argument allows remote attackers to inject and execute arbitrary operating system commands. This weakness enables authenticated remote attackers to compromise the affected device by manipulating user-controlled input that is passed directly to system command execution functions without adequate sanitization.

Critical Impact

Remote authenticated attackers can execute arbitrary OS commands on vulnerable D-Link DI-7001 MINI devices, potentially leading to complete device compromise, network pivoting, and unauthorized access to connected network resources.

Affected Products

• D-Link DI-7001MINI-8G Firmware version 24.04.18B1
• D-Link DI-7001MINI-8G Hardware revision B1
• D-Link DI-7001 MINI 24.04.18B1

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-10-07 - CVE-2025-11407 published to NVD
• 2025-11-19 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-11407

Vulnerability Analysis

This vulnerability falls under CWE-77 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command) and CWE-78 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command). The affected /upgrade_filter.asp endpoint fails to properly sanitize the path argument before incorporating it into system-level command execution. When user-supplied input containing shell metacharacters or command separators is processed, the underlying system interprets these special characters as command delimiters, allowing injection of additional commands.

The attack can be initiated remotely over the network, requiring only low-privilege authentication to the device's web interface. Successful exploitation grants attackers the ability to execute commands with the privileges of the web server process, which on embedded devices like the D-Link DI-7001 MINI typically runs with elevated permissions.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability is insufficient input validation and sanitization in the upgrade_filter.asp file. The path parameter is passed directly to a system command execution function without proper escaping or filtering of shell metacharacters such as semicolons (;), pipes (|), backticks (`), dollar signs ($), and other command injection sequences. The firmware lacks proper input validation boundaries to prevent malicious command sequences from being interpreted by the underlying shell.

Attack Vector

The attack is network-based and requires the attacker to have authenticated access to the D-Link device's web management interface. An attacker with valid credentials can craft a malicious HTTP request to the /upgrade_filter.asp endpoint, injecting OS commands through the path parameter. The injected commands execute in the context of the web server process, potentially allowing the attacker to:

• Read sensitive configuration files including credentials
• Modify device settings and firmware
• Establish persistent backdoor access
• Use the compromised device as a pivot point for lateral network movement
• Disable security features or logging mechanisms

The vulnerability mechanism involves the path argument being concatenated into a shell command string without sanitization. When special characters like command separators are included, the shell interprets the injected payload as additional commands to execute. For detailed technical information, see the GitHub CVE Issue Discussion and VulDB entry #327344.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-11407

Indicators of Compromise

• Unexpected HTTP requests to /upgrade_filter.asp containing shell metacharacters (;, |, &, `, $()) in the path parameter
• Unusual process spawning from the web server process on D-Link devices
• Unexpected outbound network connections from the D-Link device to external IP addresses
• Modifications to system configuration files or firmware without authorized updates

Detection Strategies

• Monitor web server logs for requests to /upgrade_filter.asp with suspicious path parameter values containing command injection patterns
• Implement network intrusion detection rules to identify HTTP requests with OS command injection signatures targeting D-Link devices
• Deploy behavioral analysis to detect anomalous process execution chains originating from the device's web server
• Establish baseline network traffic patterns for D-Link devices and alert on deviations

Monitoring Recommendations

• Enable verbose logging on the D-Link DI-7001 MINI device if available and forward logs to a central SIEM
• Monitor for authentication attempts followed by requests to the vulnerable endpoint
• Track outbound DNS queries and network connections from IoT/network device segments
• Implement network segmentation monitoring to detect lateral movement attempts from compromised devices

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-11407

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict access to the D-Link DI-7001 MINI web management interface to trusted internal networks only
• Implement strong, unique credentials for device authentication and rotate them regularly
• Place affected D-Link devices behind a firewall with strict ingress filtering
• Consider disabling remote management if not operationally required
• Monitor for vendor security advisories and firmware updates from D-Link

Patch Information

As of the last update, no official patch from D-Link has been confirmed for this vulnerability. Organizations should monitor D-Link's security information page for firmware updates addressing CVE-2025-11407. Until a patch is available, implement the recommended workarounds and network-level mitigations to reduce exposure.

Workarounds

• Isolate affected D-Link devices on a dedicated VLAN with restricted network access
• Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) or reverse proxy in front of the device management interface to filter command injection attempts
• Disable the web management interface entirely if possible and manage the device through alternative secure methods
• Implement IP whitelisting to limit management interface access to specific administrative hosts only

# Example: Firewall rule to restrict access to D-Link management interface
# Allow only trusted management subnet
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -s 10.0.100.0/24 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -s 10.0.100.0/24 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j DROP
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j DROP