CVE-2025-10786 Overview
A SQL injection vulnerability has been discovered in Campcodes Grocery Sales and Inventory System version 1.0. This flaw exists in the /ajax.php?action=delete_user endpoint, where improper sanitization of the ID parameter allows attackers to inject malicious SQL queries. The attack can be initiated remotely without authentication, potentially allowing unauthorized access to database contents, data manipulation, and system compromise.
Critical Impact
This SQL injection vulnerability enables remote attackers to manipulate database queries through the ID parameter in the user deletion functionality, potentially leading to unauthorized data access, modification, or deletion of user records and other sensitive information stored in the application's database.
Affected Products
- Campcodes Grocery Sales and Inventory System 1.0
Discovery Timeline
- 2025-09-22 - CVE-2025-10786 published to NVD
- 2025-09-25 - Last updated in NVD database
Technical Details for CVE-2025-10786
Vulnerability Analysis
This vulnerability is classified as CWE-74 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component), which encompasses injection flaws including SQL injection. The affected endpoint /ajax.php?action=delete_user accepts an ID parameter that is directly incorporated into SQL queries without proper sanitization or parameterization.
The vulnerability allows attackers to craft malicious input that breaks out of the intended SQL query context, enabling them to execute arbitrary SQL commands against the backend database. This can result in unauthorized data disclosure, modification of database records, or complete database compromise depending on the database user's privileges.
Root Cause
The root cause of this vulnerability is insufficient input validation and the lack of parameterized queries (prepared statements) when handling user-supplied input in the ID parameter. The application directly concatenates user input into SQL query strings, creating an injection point that attackers can exploit.
Attack Vector
The attack vector for CVE-2025-10786 is network-based, requiring no authentication or user interaction. An attacker can remotely send crafted HTTP requests to the vulnerable endpoint with malicious SQL payloads in the ID parameter. The vulnerability is accessible through standard HTTP requests, making it relatively simple to exploit.
The attack flow involves sending a request to /ajax.php?action=delete_user with a manipulated ID parameter containing SQL injection payloads. Techniques such as UNION-based injection, time-based blind injection, or error-based injection could be employed depending on the application's response behavior and error handling configuration.
Additional technical details and proof-of-concept information can be found in the GitHub CVE Issue Discussion and VulDB #325142.
Detection Methods for CVE-2025-10786
Indicators of Compromise
- Unusual HTTP requests to /ajax.php?action=delete_user containing SQL syntax characters such as single quotes, double dashes, or UNION statements in the ID parameter
- Database error messages in application logs indicating malformed SQL queries
- Unexpected database query patterns or unauthorized SELECT statements in database logs
- Web server access logs showing requests with encoded SQL injection payloads targeting the delete_user action
Detection Strategies
- Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block SQL injection patterns in requests to /ajax.php
- Configure database audit logging to monitor for anomalous query execution patterns, especially queries originating from the web application user
- Deploy application-layer monitoring to detect requests containing SQL metacharacters in parameter values
- Review web server access logs for suspicious activity targeting the vulnerable endpoint
Monitoring Recommendations
- Enable verbose logging for the Grocery Sales and Inventory System application to capture all requests to AJAX endpoints
- Configure alerting for database queries that deviate from expected patterns, particularly those involving system tables or bulk data extraction
- Monitor for multiple failed or unusual requests to the /ajax.php?action=delete_user endpoint from single IP addresses
How to Mitigate CVE-2025-10786
Immediate Actions Required
- Restrict network access to the Campcodes Grocery Sales and Inventory System to trusted IP addresses only
- Implement WAF rules to filter SQL injection attempts targeting the vulnerable endpoint
- Consider temporarily disabling the delete_user functionality if it is not essential for operations
- Review database access logs for any signs of prior exploitation
Patch Information
As of the last update on 2025-09-25, no official patch from Campcodes has been documented in the vulnerability databases. Organizations using this software should monitor the Campcodes website for security updates. Additional vulnerability tracking information is available through VulDB Submission #653785.
Workarounds
- Implement input validation at the application level to sanitize the ID parameter, allowing only numeric values
- Deploy a WAF or reverse proxy with SQL injection protection rules in front of the application
- Restrict database user privileges to limit the impact of potential SQL injection exploitation
- Apply network segmentation to isolate the application and database servers from untrusted networks
# Example WAF rule for ModSecurity to block SQL injection attempts
SecRule ARGS:ID "!@rx ^[0-9]+$" \
"id:1001,phase:2,deny,status:403,log,msg:'SQL Injection attempt blocked in ID parameter'"
Disclaimer: This content was generated using AI. While we strive for accuracy, please verify critical information with official sources.
