CVE-2025-10670: Emiloi E-logbook SQL Injection Flaw

CVE-2025-10670 Overview

A SQL injection vulnerability has been discovered in itsourcecode E-Logbook with Health Monitoring System for COVID-19 version 1.0. The vulnerability exists in the /check_profile.php file, where the profile_id argument is not properly sanitized before being used in database queries. This allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands by manipulating the profile_id parameter.

Critical Impact

Remote attackers can exploit this SQL injection vulnerability to manipulate database queries, potentially leading to unauthorized data access, data modification, or complete database compromise without authentication.

Affected Products

• Emiloi E-logbook With Health Monitoring System For Covid-19 version 1.0

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-09-18 - CVE-2025-10670 published to NVD
• 2025-09-19 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-10670

Vulnerability Analysis

This SQL injection vulnerability (CWE-89) stems from improper neutralization of special elements used in SQL commands within the /check_profile.php endpoint. The profile_id parameter accepts user-controlled input that is directly incorporated into SQL queries without adequate sanitization or parameterized query usage. This represents a classic injection flaw (CWE-74) where untrusted data is processed by an interpreter.

The vulnerability is remotely exploitable without requiring authentication or user interaction. Attackers can leverage this flaw to read sensitive data from the database, modify or delete records, and potentially escalate their access depending on the database configuration and privileges.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability is improper input validation and failure to use parameterized queries or prepared statements when handling the profile_id argument in /check_profile.php. User-supplied input is concatenated directly into SQL query strings, allowing attackers to break out of the intended query structure and inject malicious SQL code.

Attack Vector

The attack can be executed remotely over the network. An attacker sends a crafted HTTP request to the /check_profile.php endpoint with a malicious profile_id parameter value containing SQL injection payloads. Since no authentication is required to access this endpoint, any remote attacker can exploit this vulnerability.

The exploitation involves injecting SQL metacharacters and statements into the profile_id parameter. For example, an attacker might inject UNION-based payloads to extract data from other tables, or time-based blind injection techniques to infer database contents when direct output is not available. Technical details and proof-of-concept information can be found in the GitHub Issue on CVE-25 and VulDB #324791.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-10670

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual or malformed requests to /check_profile.php containing SQL syntax such as single quotes, UNION statements, or comment sequences
• Database error messages appearing in HTTP responses indicating SQL syntax errors
• Abnormal database query patterns including time-based delays or excessive data retrieval
• Web server logs showing requests with encoded SQL injection payloads in the profile_id parameter

Detection Strategies

• Deploy web application firewalls (WAF) with SQL injection detection rules targeting the /check_profile.php endpoint
• Enable database query logging and monitor for suspicious query patterns including UNION-based attacks, stacked queries, or time-delay functions
• Implement intrusion detection system (IDS) rules to detect common SQL injection signatures in HTTP traffic
• Configure application-level logging to capture all requests to vulnerable endpoints with full parameter values

Monitoring Recommendations

• Monitor web server access logs for requests to /check_profile.php with unusual profile_id values
• Set up alerts for database errors or exceptions triggered by malformed SQL queries
• Track failed authentication attempts and suspicious data access patterns that may indicate post-exploitation activity
• Review database audit logs for unauthorized data access or privilege escalation attempts

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-10670

Immediate Actions Required

• Remove or restrict access to the /check_profile.php file if it is not essential to operations
• Implement a web application firewall (WAF) rule to block SQL injection attempts targeting the profile_id parameter
• Restrict network access to the application to trusted IP addresses only
• Review database user privileges and apply the principle of least privilege to limit potential damage

Patch Information

No official vendor patch information is currently available for this vulnerability. The application is distributed by IT Source Code, but no security advisory or patch has been published. Organizations using this software should implement compensating controls and consider discontinuing use of the affected component until a fix is available.

For additional technical details and tracking, refer to VulDB CTI #324791.

Workarounds

• Modify the source code of /check_profile.php to use parameterized queries or prepared statements for all database operations involving the profile_id parameter
• Implement strict input validation to ensure profile_id only accepts expected numeric values
• Deploy a reverse proxy or WAF with SQL injection filtering capabilities in front of the application
• Disable or remove the vulnerable endpoint if the profile checking functionality is not critical to business operations
• Consider isolating the application in a network segment with restricted database access to limit the impact of successful exploitation

# Example: Apache mod_rewrite rule to block suspicious profile_id values
# Add to .htaccess or Apache configuration
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} profile_id=.*['"();] [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} profile_id=.*union [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} profile_id=.*select [NC]
RewriteRule ^check_profile\.php$ - [F,L]