CVE-2025-10090: Jinher OA SQL Injection Vulnerability

CVE-2025-10090 Overview

A SQL injection vulnerability has been identified in Jinher OA, a widely deployed office automation platform. The vulnerability exists in the /C6/Jhsoft.Web.departments/GetTreeDate.aspx file, where improper handling of the ID parameter allows attackers to inject malicious SQL statements. This flaw enables remote attackers to manipulate database queries without authentication, potentially leading to unauthorized data access, modification, or deletion.

Critical Impact

Remote attackers can exploit this SQL injection vulnerability to extract sensitive information from the database, modify data, or potentially gain further access to the underlying system through the Jinher OA application.

Affected Products

• Jinher OA versions up to and including 1.2
• Jinher OA deployments exposing the /C6/Jhsoft.Web.departments/GetTreeDate.aspx endpoint
• Organizations using Jinher OA for internal office automation workflows

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-09-08 - CVE-2025-10090 published to NVD
• 2025-10-09 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-10090

Vulnerability Analysis

This SQL injection vulnerability (CWE-89) in Jinher OA stems from inadequate input validation in the GetTreeDate.aspx endpoint. The application fails to properly sanitize user-supplied input in the ID parameter before incorporating it into SQL queries. This allows attackers to inject arbitrary SQL commands that are executed by the database server with the application's privileges.

The vulnerability is classified under both CWE-89 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command) and CWE-74 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component), indicating multiple weaknesses in input handling. The attack can be launched remotely over the network without requiring authentication or user interaction, making it particularly dangerous for internet-exposed Jinher OA instances.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability is the failure to implement proper input validation and parameterized queries in the GetTreeDate.aspx file. The ID parameter is directly concatenated into SQL queries without sanitization, allowing special SQL characters and commands to be interpreted as part of the query structure rather than as literal data values. This represents a fundamental secure coding failure that should be addressed through prepared statements or parameterized queries.

Attack Vector

The attack vector is network-based, allowing remote exploitation without authentication. An attacker can craft malicious HTTP requests to the /C6/Jhsoft.Web.departments/GetTreeDate.aspx endpoint with specially crafted values in the ID parameter. These malicious inputs contain SQL syntax that breaks out of the intended query context and executes attacker-controlled commands.

The vulnerability can be exploited through standard HTTP requests, requiring no special tools or complex techniques. Attackers may use techniques such as UNION-based injection to extract data, Boolean-based blind injection to infer database contents, or time-based blind injection when direct output is not available. According to available references, exploit code has been published, increasing the likelihood of active exploitation attempts. Additional technical details can be found in the GitHub CVE Issue and VulDB Entry #323045.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-10090

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual HTTP requests to /C6/Jhsoft.Web.departments/GetTreeDate.aspx containing SQL keywords such as UNION, SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, or comment sequences (--, /*)
• Web server logs showing requests with URL-encoded SQL injection payloads in the ID parameter
• Database logs indicating unexpected queries, errors related to syntax, or queries returning abnormal result sets
• Network traffic analysis revealing high-frequency requests to the vulnerable endpoint from suspicious IP addresses

Detection Strategies

• Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block SQL injection patterns in requests to the affected endpoint
• Configure intrusion detection systems (IDS) with signatures for common SQL injection attack patterns targeting ASP.NET applications
• Enable detailed logging on the Jinher OA web server and database to capture request parameters and query execution
• Deploy application-layer monitoring to detect anomalous parameter values in the ID field

Monitoring Recommendations

• Monitor web server access logs for requests to GetTreeDate.aspx with suspicious parameter values
• Set up alerts for database errors or unusual query patterns that may indicate injection attempts
• Track network connections to the Jinher OA server for reconnaissance patterns or automated scanning behavior
• Implement real-time log analysis with SIEM tools to correlate potential SQL injection attacks across multiple data sources

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-10090

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict network access to the vulnerable /C6/Jhsoft.Web.departments/GetTreeDate.aspx endpoint using firewall rules or network segmentation
• If possible, disable or remove the affected functionality until a vendor patch is available
• Implement input validation at the web server or WAF level to filter SQL injection payloads
• Review and audit database user permissions to limit the potential impact of successful exploitation

Patch Information

At the time of this analysis, no official patch information is available from Jinher. Organizations should monitor vendor communications and security advisories for patch releases. Refer to the VulDB Entry #323045 and GitHub CVE Issue for updates on remediation guidance.

Workarounds

• Deploy a Web Application Firewall (WAF) configured to block SQL injection patterns in the ID parameter
• Restrict access to the Jinher OA application to trusted internal networks only, preventing external exploitation
• Implement network-level access controls using IP whitelisting to limit which systems can reach the vulnerable endpoint
• As a temporary measure, consider custom input validation scripts or URL rewrite rules to sanitize the ID parameter before it reaches the application

# Example: Restrict access to vulnerable endpoint using iptables (Linux reverse proxy)
# Block external access to the specific vulnerable path
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -m string --string "GetTreeDate.aspx" --algo bm -j DROP
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -m string --string "GetTreeDate.aspx" --algo bm -j DROP

# Alternative: Allow only internal network access to Jinher OA
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -s 192.168.0.0/16 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j DROP