CVE-2025-0401: Reggie Path Traversal Vulnerability

CVE-2025-0401 Overview

A critical path traversal vulnerability has been discovered in 1902756969 Reggie version 1.0, a Java-based application. The vulnerability exists in the download function within the file src/main/java/com/itheima/reggie/controller/CommonController.java. Through manipulation of the name argument, an attacker can traverse the file system and access arbitrary files outside the intended directory. This vulnerability can be exploited remotely without authentication, making it particularly dangerous for exposed deployments.

Critical Impact

Remote attackers can exploit this path traversal vulnerability to read sensitive files from the server, potentially exposing configuration files, credentials, source code, and other confidential data.

Affected Products

• 1902756969 Reggie version 1.0

Discovery Timeline

• January 13, 2025 - CVE-2025-0401 published to NVD
• October 21, 2025 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-0401

Vulnerability Analysis

This path traversal vulnerability (CWE-22) affects the file download functionality in the Reggie application. The vulnerable code resides in CommonController.java, specifically in the download function that processes user-supplied file names. The application fails to properly validate or sanitize the name parameter before using it to construct file paths, allowing attackers to include directory traversal sequences such as ../ to escape the intended directory.

The vulnerability is network-accessible, meaning attackers can exploit it remotely without requiring any prior authentication or user interaction. The primary impact is unauthorized read access to files on the server, which could lead to exposure of sensitive configuration data, database credentials, or other confidential information stored on the system.

Root Cause

The root cause of CVE-2025-0401 is insufficient input validation in the download function. The application directly uses the user-supplied name parameter to construct file system paths without sanitizing or validating it against path traversal sequences. This allows attackers to craft malicious requests containing sequences like ../ to navigate outside the intended download directory and access arbitrary files readable by the application process.

Attack Vector

The attack can be performed remotely over the network by sending crafted HTTP requests to the vulnerable download endpoint. An attacker constructs a request where the name parameter contains directory traversal sequences (e.g., ../../../etc/passwd on Linux systems or ..\..\..\windows\system.ini on Windows). When the application processes this request, it resolves the path to a location outside the intended directory, allowing the attacker to retrieve sensitive system files or application configuration data.

The vulnerability can be exploited by sending specially crafted requests to the file download endpoint. The name parameter accepts directory traversal sequences like ../ that allow attackers to escape the intended directory and access sensitive files. For detailed technical information, refer to the GitHub Issue Tracker or the VulDB entry.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-0401

Indicators of Compromise

• HTTP requests to download endpoints containing path traversal sequences such as ../, ..%2f, %2e%2e/, or similar encoded variants
• Web server logs showing requests with unusual file paths targeting system files like /etc/passwd, /etc/shadow, or Windows configuration files
• Access logs indicating successful retrieval of files outside the application's intended download directory
• Anomalous file access patterns from the application process attempting to read sensitive system or configuration files

Detection Strategies

• Deploy Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block requests containing path traversal patterns in URL parameters
• Monitor application logs for requests to the download endpoint with suspicious name parameter values
• Implement file integrity monitoring on sensitive system files to detect unauthorized access attempts
• Configure intrusion detection systems (IDS) to alert on path traversal attack signatures

Monitoring Recommendations

• Enable detailed access logging for the affected CommonController endpoints
• Set up alerts for requests containing URL-encoded or double-encoded traversal sequences
• Monitor server file access logs for reads outside the designated download directory
• Implement anomaly detection for unusual patterns of file access by the Java application process

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-0401

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict network access to the affected Reggie application until a patch is available
• Implement input validation at the web server or WAF level to block path traversal sequences
• Review and limit file system permissions for the application service account to minimize exposure
• Audit access logs to determine if the vulnerability has been exploited in your environment

Patch Information

At the time of publication, no official vendor patch has been released for this vulnerability. Organizations using 1902756969 Reggie 1.0 should monitor the GitHub repository for updates and consider implementing the workarounds below until a fix becomes available.

Workarounds

• Implement strict input validation to reject any file name containing path traversal sequences (../, ..\\, or URL-encoded equivalents)
• Use a whitelist approach that only allows alphanumeric characters and specific safe characters in file names
• Deploy a reverse proxy or WAF with rules to block requests containing directory traversal patterns
• Restrict the application's file system access to only the directories required for operation

# Example WAF rule to block path traversal (ModSecurity)
SecRule ARGS "@contains ../" "id:100001,phase:1,deny,status:403,msg:'Path Traversal Attempt Blocked'"
SecRule ARGS "@contains %2e%2e" "id:100002,phase:1,deny,status:403,msg:'Encoded Path Traversal Blocked'"