CVE-2024-49521: Adobe Commerce SSRF Vulnerability

CVE-2024-49521 Overview

Adobe Commerce versions 3.2.5 and earlier are affected by a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability that could lead to a security feature bypass. A low privileged attacker could exploit this vulnerability to send crafted requests from the vulnerable server to internal systems, which could result in the bypassing of security measures such as firewalls. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction.

Critical Impact

This SSRF vulnerability enables attackers with low privileges to leverage vulnerable Adobe Commerce servers as a pivot point to access internal systems and bypass network security controls such as firewalls, potentially exposing sensitive internal resources and data.

Affected Products

• Adobe Commerce versions 3.2.5 and earlier
• Adobe Magento Open Source (affected versions)

Discovery Timeline

• 2024-11-12 - CVE-2024-49521 published to NVD
• 2024-11-18 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2024-49521

Vulnerability Analysis

This Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in Adobe Commerce allows an authenticated attacker with low privileges to manipulate the server into making unauthorized requests to internal network resources. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-918 (Server-Side Request Forgery), indicating that the application can be induced to make HTTP requests to arbitrary destinations.

The attack can be executed remotely over the network and does not require any user interaction, making it particularly dangerous in environments where Adobe Commerce servers have access to sensitive internal systems. When exploited, attackers can potentially access internal APIs, metadata services, and other systems that should not be reachable from external networks.

Root Cause

The vulnerability stems from insufficient validation of user-supplied URLs or destination addresses before the Adobe Commerce application processes server-side HTTP requests. This allows attackers to specify internal network addresses or localhost services as request destinations, effectively using the commerce server as a proxy to bypass network segmentation and firewall rules.

Attack Vector

The attack leverages network-based access to the Adobe Commerce application. An attacker with valid low-privilege credentials can submit specially crafted requests that cause the vulnerable server to initiate connections to internal systems. The changed scope (S:C in the CVSS vector) indicates that while the vulnerability exists in Adobe Commerce, its impact extends to other systems within the network infrastructure.

Typical SSRF exploitation scenarios include:

• Accessing cloud instance metadata services (e.g., AWS EC2 metadata at 169.254.169.254)
• Scanning and interacting with internal network services
• Bypassing IP-based access controls on internal APIs
• Exfiltrating data from internal services not intended for external access

Detection Methods for CVE-2024-49521

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual outbound HTTP/HTTPS requests from the Adobe Commerce server to internal IP ranges (e.g., 10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12, 192.168.0.0/16)
• Requests targeting cloud metadata endpoints such as 169.254.169.254
• Unexpected server connections to localhost services (127.0.0.1)
• Anomalous network traffic patterns from the web application tier to backend infrastructure

Detection Strategies

• Monitor and alert on outbound connections from Adobe Commerce servers to internal network ranges or cloud metadata services
• Implement web application firewall (WAF) rules to detect SSRF payloads in request parameters
• Review application logs for requests containing internal IP addresses or suspicious URL patterns
• Deploy network-level monitoring to identify unexpected server-to-server communication

Monitoring Recommendations

• Enable detailed logging for all outbound HTTP requests made by the Adobe Commerce application
• Configure network monitoring tools to alert on traffic from commerce servers to internal-only services
• Implement egress filtering and log all blocked connection attempts
• Regularly audit Adobe Commerce configurations and custom integrations that make external HTTP requests

How to Mitigate CVE-2024-49521

Immediate Actions Required

• Apply the security patch provided in Adobe Security Advisory APSB24-90 immediately
• Review and restrict network egress rules for Adobe Commerce servers to limit outbound connections to known-good destinations
• Implement allowlisting for any legitimate external services the application needs to contact
• Audit user accounts with low-privilege access to identify potentially compromised credentials

Patch Information

Adobe has released security updates addressing this vulnerability as documented in Adobe Security Advisory APSB24-90. Organizations running Adobe Commerce or Magento Open Source should upgrade to the latest patched versions as specified in the advisory.

Workarounds

• Implement strict egress filtering at the network level to prevent the commerce server from connecting to internal resources
• Deploy a web application firewall (WAF) with SSRF protection rules to block malicious request patterns
• Configure network segmentation to isolate Adobe Commerce servers from sensitive internal systems
• If specific features requiring server-side requests are not needed, disable or restrict them through application configuration

# Example network egress restriction using iptables
# Block commerce server from accessing internal networks
iptables -A OUTPUT -m owner --uid-owner www-data -d 10.0.0.0/8 -j DROP
iptables -A OUTPUT -m owner --uid-owner www-data -d 172.16.0.0/12 -j DROP
iptables -A OUTPUT -m owner --uid-owner www-data -d 192.168.0.0/16 -j DROP
iptables -A OUTPUT -m owner --uid-owner www-data -d 169.254.169.254 -j DROP