CVE-2024-1012: Whir Ezoffice SQL Injection Vulnerability

CVE-2024-1012 Overview

A critical SQL injection vulnerability has been identified in Wanhu ezOFFICE version 11.1.0. This vulnerability exists in the file defaultroot/platform/bpm/work_flow/operate/wf_printnum.jsp, where improper handling of the recordId parameter allows attackers to inject malicious SQL queries. The vulnerability can be exploited remotely without authentication, potentially leading to unauthorized access to sensitive database contents, data manipulation, and complete system compromise.

Critical Impact

Remote attackers can exploit this SQL injection vulnerability to extract sensitive data, modify database contents, or potentially achieve complete system compromise without requiring authentication.

Affected Products

• Wanhu ezOFFICE 11.1.0
• whir ezoffice (cpe:2.3:a:whir:ezoffice:11.1.0:::::::*)

Discovery Timeline

• 2024-01-31 - CVE-2024-1012 published to NVD
• 2024-11-21 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2024-1012

Vulnerability Analysis

This SQL injection vulnerability (CWE-89) affects the workflow printing functionality within Wanhu ezOFFICE. The vulnerable JSP file wf_printnum.jsp fails to properly sanitize user-supplied input through the recordId parameter before incorporating it into SQL queries. This lack of input validation allows attackers to manipulate the database query structure by injecting malicious SQL statements.

The attack surface is particularly concerning because the vulnerability can be exploited over the network without any user interaction or prior authentication. Successful exploitation could result in complete compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the underlying database system.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability is improper input validation and the lack of parameterized queries in the wf_printnum.jsp file. The recordId parameter is directly concatenated into SQL queries without proper sanitization or the use of prepared statements, allowing attackers to escape the intended query context and execute arbitrary SQL commands.

Attack Vector

The attack vector is network-based, requiring no authentication or user interaction. An attacker can craft malicious HTTP requests targeting the vulnerable JSP endpoint with specially crafted recordId parameter values containing SQL injection payloads.

The vulnerability allows remote exploitation through the following path: defaultroot/platform/bpm/work_flow/operate/wf_printnum.jsp. By manipulating the recordId parameter, attackers can inject SQL commands that the database server will execute with the application's privileges.

Technical details and proof-of-concept information have been publicly disclosed. Researchers have documented the SQL injection technique in a GitHub PoC Repository, and additional analysis is available via VulDB Analysis #252281.

Detection Methods for CVE-2024-1012

Indicators of Compromise

• HTTP requests to /defaultroot/platform/bpm/work_flow/operate/wf_printnum.jsp containing SQL injection patterns in the recordId parameter
• Unusual database query errors or timeout behaviors in application logs
• Unexpected database access patterns or data extraction attempts
• Web access logs showing requests with encoded SQL keywords (UNION, SELECT, OR, AND) in URL parameters

Detection Strategies

• Deploy web application firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block SQL injection patterns targeting the wf_printnum.jsp endpoint
• Implement database activity monitoring to detect anomalous query patterns or unauthorized data access
• Configure intrusion detection systems (IDS) with signatures for common SQL injection techniques
• Enable detailed logging for the ezOFFICE application and monitor for suspicious recordId parameter values

Monitoring Recommendations

• Monitor HTTP traffic for requests containing SQL injection payloads in the recordId parameter
• Set up alerts for database errors that may indicate attempted SQL injection exploitation
• Review web server access logs for repeated requests to the vulnerable JSP file with varying parameter values
• Implement real-time monitoring of database query execution times and resource utilization

How to Mitigate CVE-2024-1012

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict network access to the vulnerable endpoint /defaultroot/platform/bpm/work_flow/operate/wf_printnum.jsp
• Implement web application firewall rules to filter SQL injection attempts
• Review and audit database permissions to limit potential damage from successful exploitation
• Monitor for exploitation attempts while awaiting an official patch from the vendor

Patch Information

No official patch information is currently available from the vendor. Organizations should contact Wanhu directly for security updates and patch availability. In the meantime, implement the recommended workarounds to reduce exposure to this vulnerability.

Workarounds

• Deploy a web application firewall (WAF) with SQL injection protection enabled for the affected endpoint
• Implement network segmentation to limit access to the ezOFFICE application from untrusted networks
• Apply input validation at the network perimeter using reverse proxy rules to filter malicious requests
• Consider temporarily disabling the affected workflow printing functionality if business requirements permit

# Example WAF rule for blocking SQL injection attempts (ModSecurity format)
SecRule ARGS:recordId "@detectSQLi" \
    "id:1001,\
    phase:2,\
    deny,\
    status:403,\
    msg:'SQL Injection attempt detected in recordId parameter',\
    log,\
    auditlog"