CVE-2026-5417: Dataease SQLbot SSRF Vulnerability

CVE-2026-5417 Overview

A Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability has been identified in Dataease SQLbot versions up to 1.6.0. The vulnerability exists in the get_es_data_by_http function within the backend/apps/db/es_engine.py file of the Elasticsearch Handler component. By manipulating the address argument, an attacker can force the server to make arbitrary HTTP requests to internal or external resources, potentially exposing sensitive data or enabling further attacks on internal systems.

Critical Impact

Remote attackers with high privileges can exploit this SSRF vulnerability to access internal network resources, potentially leading to information disclosure, service enumeration, or further exploitation of internal systems not directly accessible from the internet.

Affected Products

• Dataease SQLbot versions up to and including 1.6.0
• Elasticsearch Handler component (backend/apps/db/es_engine.py)

Discovery Timeline

• 2026-04-02 - CVE-2026-5417 published to NVD
• 2026-04-02 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2026-5417

Vulnerability Analysis

This SSRF vulnerability occurs in the Elasticsearch Handler component of Dataease SQLbot. The get_es_data_by_http function in backend/apps/db/es_engine.py fails to properly validate and sanitize the address parameter before using it to make HTTP requests. This allows an attacker to supply arbitrary URLs, causing the server to make requests on their behalf to internal or external resources.

The vulnerability can be exploited remotely, though it requires high-level privileges to access the affected functionality. Successful exploitation allows attackers to bypass network security controls and interact with internal services that should not be directly accessible.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability is improper input validation (CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery). The address parameter passed to the get_es_data_by_http function is not adequately validated against a whitelist of allowed destinations or checked for malicious URL schemes and internal IP addresses. This allows attackers to craft requests that target arbitrary hosts, including internal network resources, cloud metadata endpoints, and other sensitive services.

Attack Vector

The attack vector is network-based, requiring remote access to the vulnerable SQLbot instance. An authenticated attacker with sufficient privileges can manipulate the address argument in requests to the Elasticsearch Handler. The server then makes HTTP requests to attacker-specified destinations, returning the response data or enabling blind SSRF attacks against internal infrastructure.

Common exploitation scenarios include:

• Accessing cloud metadata services (e.g., http://169.254.169.254/) to retrieve credentials
• Scanning internal network services and ports
• Interacting with internal APIs and databases
• Bypassing firewall rules to access restricted resources

The vulnerability mechanism involves insufficient validation of user-supplied URLs in the Elasticsearch data retrieval function. When a crafted address is provided, the application makes HTTP requests without verifying the destination is an authorized Elasticsearch endpoint. For detailed technical analysis, refer to the Notion Blog on SSRF.

Detection Methods for CVE-2026-5417

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual outbound HTTP requests from the SQLbot server to internal IP ranges (10.x.x.x, 172.16-31.x.x, 192.168.x.x)
• Requests to cloud metadata endpoints (169.254.169.254) originating from the application server
• Unexpected HTTP connections to internal services or non-Elasticsearch endpoints
• Log entries showing requests to the get_es_data_by_http endpoint with suspicious address parameters

Detection Strategies

• Monitor network traffic from SQLbot servers for connections to internal networks or metadata services
• Implement application-level logging to capture all address parameters passed to the Elasticsearch Handler
• Deploy web application firewalls (WAF) with SSRF detection rules to block malicious requests
• Utilize SentinelOne Singularity to detect anomalous network behavior and process activity indicative of SSRF exploitation

Monitoring Recommendations

• Enable detailed logging for the backend/apps/db/es_engine.py module and review logs for suspicious address values
• Configure alerts for outbound connections from SQLbot to non-whitelisted destinations
• Monitor for increased failed connection attempts that may indicate internal port scanning
• Review access logs for high-privilege users accessing Elasticsearch-related endpoints with unusual patterns

How to Mitigate CVE-2026-5417

Immediate Actions Required

• Upgrade Dataease SQLbot to version 1.7.0 or later immediately
• If immediate upgrade is not possible, restrict network access to the SQLbot application to trusted users only
• Implement network segmentation to limit the impact of potential SSRF attacks
• Review application logs for evidence of prior exploitation attempts

Patch Information

The vulnerability has been addressed in Dataease SQLbot version 1.7.0. The patch includes proper validation of the address parameter to prevent SSRF attacks. Users should upgrade to this version or later to remediate the vulnerability.

For the official release with the security fix, see the GitHub Release v1.7.0.

Additional vulnerability details are available at VulDB #354854.

Workarounds

• Implement a network-level allowlist that restricts outbound connections from the SQLbot server to only authorized Elasticsearch endpoints
• Deploy a reverse proxy or web application firewall to validate and sanitize incoming requests before they reach the application
• Restrict user permissions to minimize the number of accounts with access to the vulnerable Elasticsearch Handler functionality
• Use network segmentation to isolate the SQLbot server from sensitive internal resources

# Example: Network-level restriction using iptables
# Allow outbound connections only to authorized Elasticsearch hosts
iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -d <elasticsearch_host> --dport 9200 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -d <elasticsearch_host> --dport 9300 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 9200 -j DROP
iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 9300 -j DROP