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CVE Vulnerability Database
Vulnerability Database/CVE-2026-21962

CVE-2026-21962: Oracle WebLogic Auth Bypass Vulnerability

CVE-2026-21962 is an authentication bypass flaw in Oracle WebLogic Server Proxy Plug-in with a CVSS score of 10.0. Attackers can gain unauthorized access to critical data. This article covers technical details, affected versions, impact, and mitigation strategies.

Published: January 23, 2026

CVE-2026-21962 Overview

CVE-2026-21962 is a critical improper access control vulnerability affecting Oracle HTTP Server and Oracle WebLogic Server Proxy Plug-in, components of Oracle Fusion Middleware. This vulnerability exists in the WebLogic Server Proxy Plug-in for Apache HTTP Server and IIS, allowing unauthenticated attackers with network access via HTTP to compromise the affected systems. The vulnerability is particularly severe as successful exploitation can impact additional products beyond the vulnerable component (scope change), enabling unauthorized access to and modification of critical data.

Critical Impact

Unauthenticated remote attackers can gain unauthorized access to critical data and perform unauthorized creation, deletion, or modification of all accessible data in Oracle HTTP Server and WebLogic Server Proxy Plug-in deployments.

Affected Products

  • Oracle HTTP Server versions 12.2.1.4.0, 14.1.1.0.0, and 14.1.2.0.0
  • Oracle WebLogic Server Proxy Plug-in for Apache HTTP Server versions 12.2.1.4.0, 14.1.1.0.0, and 14.1.2.0.0
  • Oracle WebLogic Server Proxy Plug-in for IIS version 12.2.1.4.0 only

Discovery Timeline

  • January 20, 2026 - CVE-2026-21962 published to NVD
  • January 22, 2026 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2026-21962

Vulnerability Analysis

This vulnerability stems from an Improper Access Control weakness (CWE-284) in the Oracle HTTP Server and WebLogic Server Proxy Plug-in components. The flaw allows unauthenticated attackers to bypass intended access restrictions through network-based HTTP requests. Due to the architecture of the WebLogic Server Proxy Plug-in, which acts as a conduit between front-end web servers (Apache HTTP Server or IIS) and backend WebLogic Server instances, successful exploitation can propagate impacts across the middleware stack.

The vulnerability is particularly concerning because attacks can significantly impact additional products beyond the initially compromised component. This scope change characteristic indicates that the vulnerability allows attackers to pivot from the proxy plug-in to affect other connected systems and data stores within the Oracle Fusion Middleware environment.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability is classified as CWE-284 (Improper Access Control). The WebLogic Server Proxy Plug-in fails to properly validate or enforce access controls on incoming HTTP requests before processing them. This inadequate access control implementation allows attackers to bypass authentication mechanisms and gain unauthorized access to protected resources and data. The flaw exists in the request handling logic of the proxy plug-in component that bridges Apache HTTP Server or IIS with backend WebLogic Server instances.

Attack Vector

The attack vector is network-based, requiring only HTTP access to the vulnerable proxy plug-in. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability remotely without authentication or user interaction. The exploitation involves sending specially crafted HTTP requests to the Oracle HTTP Server or IIS server where the vulnerable WebLogic Server Proxy Plug-in is deployed.

The attack proceeds through the following mechanism:

  1. The attacker identifies a server running the vulnerable WebLogic Server Proxy Plug-in configuration
  2. Crafted HTTP requests are sent to the proxy plug-in endpoint
  3. The improper access control allows the requests to bypass authentication checks
  4. The attacker gains unauthorized read and write access to critical data
  5. Due to the scope change, the attack can propagate to additional backend systems

Technical details and proof-of-concept information may be available through the GitHub PoC for CVE-2026-21962.

Detection Methods for CVE-2026-21962

Indicators of Compromise

  • Unusual HTTP request patterns targeting WebLogic Proxy Plug-in endpoints with malformed or suspicious headers
  • Unexpected data access or modification events in Oracle HTTP Server or WebLogic Server logs without corresponding authenticated sessions
  • Anomalous outbound traffic from proxy plug-in servers to unauthorized destinations

Detection Strategies

  • Monitor Apache HTTP Server and IIS access logs for requests to WebLogic proxy endpoints with unusual parameters or missing authentication tokens
  • Implement network traffic analysis to detect HTTP requests bypassing normal authentication flows to WebLogic proxy components
  • Deploy Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to identify and alert on access control bypass attempts targeting Oracle Fusion Middleware

Monitoring Recommendations

  • Enable detailed access logging on Oracle HTTP Server and IIS servers running WebLogic Server Proxy Plug-in
  • Configure SIEM correlation rules to detect unauthorized data access patterns across Oracle Fusion Middleware components
  • Implement file integrity monitoring on critical data stores accessible through the WebLogic proxy infrastructure

How to Mitigate CVE-2026-21962

Immediate Actions Required

  • Identify all Oracle HTTP Server and WebLogic Server Proxy Plug-in deployments running affected versions (12.2.1.4.0, 14.1.1.0.0, 14.1.2.0.0)
  • Apply the security patch from the Oracle January 2026 Critical Patch Update immediately
  • If patching is not immediately possible, restrict network access to the WebLogic Proxy Plug-in endpoints to trusted sources only
  • Review access logs for signs of prior exploitation and unauthorized data access

Patch Information

Oracle has released security patches addressing this vulnerability in the January 2026 Critical Patch Update (CPU). Administrators should download and apply the appropriate patches for their specific Oracle HTTP Server and WebLogic Server Proxy Plug-in versions. The patches are available through the Oracle Security Alert January 2026.

For WebLogic Server Proxy Plug-in for IIS deployments, note that only version 12.2.1.4.0 is affected and requires patching.

Workarounds

  • Implement network segmentation to isolate Oracle HTTP Server and WebLogic Proxy Plug-in from untrusted networks
  • Configure firewall rules to restrict HTTP access to the proxy plug-in endpoints to authorized IP addresses only
  • Deploy a reverse proxy or WAF in front of the vulnerable components to enforce additional access controls and request validation
  • Consider temporarily disabling the WebLogic Server Proxy Plug-in if not operationally critical until patches can be applied
bash
# Example: Restrict access to WebLogic proxy endpoints in Apache HTTP Server configuration
# Add to httpd.conf or relevant virtual host configuration

<Location /weblogic>
    Require ip 10.0.0.0/8
    Require ip 192.168.0.0/16
    # Deny all other access
    Require all denied
</Location>

Disclaimer: This content was generated using AI. While we strive for accuracy, please verify critical information with official sources.

  • Vulnerability Details
  • TypeAuth Bypass
  • Vendor/TechOracle Http Server
  • SeverityCRITICAL
  • CVSS Score10.0
  • EPSS Probability0.03%
  • Known ExploitedNo
  • CVSS Vector
  • CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N
  • Impact Assessment
  • ConfidentialityLow
  • IntegrityNone
  • AvailabilityNone
  • CWE References
  • CWE-284
  • Technical References
  • Oracle Security Alert January 2026
  • GitHub PoC for CVE-2026-21962
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