CVE-2025-6961: Employee Management System SQLi Vulnerability

CVE-2025-6961 Overview

A SQL injection vulnerability has been discovered in Campcodes Employee Management System version 1.0. The vulnerability exists in the /mark.php file where improper handling of the ID parameter allows attackers to inject malicious SQL statements. This flaw can be exploited remotely without authentication, potentially enabling unauthorized access to the underlying database, data exfiltration, modification of records, or complete database compromise.

Critical Impact

Unauthenticated remote attackers can exploit this SQL injection vulnerability to extract sensitive employee data, modify database records, or potentially gain further access to the underlying system through database-level attacks.

Affected Products

• Campcodes Employee Management System 1.0

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-07-01 - CVE-2025-6961 published to NVD
• 2025-07-07 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-6961

Vulnerability Analysis

This SQL injection vulnerability (CWE-74: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component) exists in the /mark.php file of Campcodes Employee Management System. The ID parameter is passed directly into SQL queries without proper sanitization or parameterized query usage, allowing attackers to manipulate the query logic.

The vulnerability is accessible over the network and requires no authentication or user interaction to exploit. An attacker can craft malicious HTTP requests containing SQL injection payloads in the ID parameter, which are then executed by the backend database. This can lead to unauthorized data access, data manipulation, or in more severe cases, complete database compromise.

The public disclosure of this vulnerability through a GitHub PoC Issue Discussion increases the risk of exploitation, as threat actors can readily access exploitation techniques.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability is the failure to properly validate, sanitize, or parameterize user-supplied input before incorporating it into SQL queries. The /mark.php endpoint accepts the ID parameter from user input and concatenates it directly into database queries without implementing prepared statements or input validation. This classic injection vulnerability pattern allows attackers to break out of the intended query context and execute arbitrary SQL commands.

Attack Vector

The attack vector is network-based, allowing remote exploitation. An attacker can craft HTTP requests to the /mark.php endpoint with a malicious ID parameter containing SQL injection payloads. Common attack techniques include:

The vulnerability can be exploited by sending crafted requests to the affected endpoint. For example, an attacker might manipulate the ID parameter with SQL injection syntax such as single quotes, UNION-based payloads, or time-based blind injection techniques to extract data or manipulate the database. Technical details and proof-of-concept information can be found in the GitHub PoC Issue Discussion and VulDB entry.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-6961

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual HTTP requests to /mark.php containing SQL syntax characters such as single quotes, double dashes, UNION statements, or encoded SQL keywords
• Database error messages in application logs indicating malformed SQL queries
• Unexpected database queries or access patterns in database audit logs
• Evidence of data exfiltration or unauthorized data access attempts

Detection Strategies

• Deploy Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block SQL injection patterns in HTTP requests targeting /mark.php
• Implement application-level logging to capture all requests to the vulnerable endpoint with parameter values
• Configure database activity monitoring to alert on suspicious query patterns or unauthorized data access
• Use intrusion detection systems (IDS) with signatures for SQL injection attack patterns

Monitoring Recommendations

• Monitor web server access logs for requests to /mark.php with anomalous ID parameter values
• Enable database query logging and audit trails to detect injection attempts
• Set up alerts for failed login attempts or unauthorized access patterns that may indicate post-exploitation activity
• Review application error logs for SQL-related exceptions that could indicate exploitation attempts

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-6961

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict access to the /mark.php endpoint using network-level controls or authentication requirements
• Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to filter SQL injection patterns
• Consider temporarily disabling the affected functionality until a patch is available
• Review database permissions to ensure the application uses least-privilege database accounts

Patch Information

No official vendor patch has been released at this time. Organizations should monitor the Campcodes website for security updates. Additional vulnerability details are tracked at VulDB #314498.

Workarounds

• Implement input validation on the ID parameter to accept only numeric values as expected for an identifier field
• Deploy parameterized queries or prepared statements in the application code to prevent SQL injection
• Use a Web Application Firewall to filter malicious requests before they reach the application
• Restrict network access to the Employee Management System to trusted IP addresses or internal networks only

# Example WAF rule for ModSecurity to block SQL injection attempts on mark.php
# Add to your ModSecurity configuration
SecRule REQUEST_URI "@contains /mark.php" "id:100001,phase:2,deny,status:403,log,msg:'Potential SQL Injection blocked on mark.php',chain"
SecRule ARGS:ID "!@rx ^[0-9]+$" "t:none"