CVE-2025-49706: SharePoint Enterprise Auth Bypass Flaw

CVE-2025-49706 Overview

Improper authentication in Microsoft Office SharePoint allows an unauthorized attacker to perform spoofing over a network.

Critical Impact

The vulnerability enables attackers to spoof identities, potentially leading to unauthorized access and information leaks.

Affected Products

• Microsoft SharePoint Enterprise Server 2016
• Microsoft SharePoint Server (Subscription Edition)
• Microsoft SharePoint Server 2019

Discovery Timeline

• Not Available - Vulnerability discovered by Not Available
• Not Available - Responsible disclosure to Microsoft
• Not Available - CVE CVE-2025-49706 assigned
• Not Available - Microsoft releases security patch
• 2025-07-08 - CVE CVE-2025-49706 published to NVD
• 2025-10-27 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-49706

Vulnerability Analysis

The vulnerability stems from improper authentication mechanisms within Microsoft SharePoint's handling of user identities. This flaw allows malicious attackers to spoof user credentials over the network.

Root Cause

The root cause is a failure in the authentication process to properly validate user-provided credentials, leading to potential identity spoofing.

Attack Vector

Attackers can exploit this vulnerability remotely over a network without requiring user interaction, making it a particularly potent threat.

# Example exploitation code (sanitized)
import requests

url = "http://vulnerable-sharepoint-site"
payload = {"username": "victim", "password": ""}

response = requests.post(url, data=payload)
print(response.status_code)

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-49706

Indicators of Compromise

• Unexpected login activities from remote IPs
• Anomalies in SharePoint authentication logs
• Unauthorized access to information repositories

Detection Strategies

Implement continuous monitoring of SharePoint authentication logs to detect unusual access patterns and attempts to exploit identity spoofing vulnerabilities.

Monitoring Recommendations

Leverage SentinelOne’s advanced threat detection capabilities to identify indicators of compromise related to unauthorized access attempts. Regularly review and update access control lists.

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-49706

Immediate Actions Required

• Disable affected authentication mechanisms until patch is applied.
• Monitor network traffic for unusual login patterns.
• Apply strict access control measures to sensitive resources.

Patch Information

Microsoft has released a patch addressing this vulnerability. Administrators should apply the latest updates from the official Microsoft advisory: Microsoft Security Update

Workarounds

While patching is the ultimate resolution, consider implementing enhanced multi-factor authentication as an interim workaround to minimize risk.

# Configuration example to enforce stricter authentication policies
# File: /etc/security/auth.conf

[authentication]
multi_factor = true
token_lifetime = 300