CVE-2025-47981: Windows 10 1507 Buffer Overflow Vulnerability

CVE-2025-47981 Overview

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows SPNEGO Extended Negotiation allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

Critical Impact
Unauthorized code execution on multiple Windows versions

Affected Products

Microsoft Windows 10 1507
Microsoft Windows 10 1607
Microsoft Windows 10 1809

Discovery Timeline

2025-07-08T17:15:38.633 - CVE-2025-47981 published to NVD
2025-09-26T17:24:13.330 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-47981

Vulnerability Analysis

CVE-2025-47981 is a heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows SPNEGO Extended Negotiation component. This vulnerability can be exploited over the network to achieve remote code execution without requiring authentication or user interaction.

Root Cause

The vulnerability exists due to improper validation of input sizes in the affected component, leading to a buffer overflow in heap memory.

Attack Vector

Exploitable over a network using specially crafted requests to the SPNEGO extended negotiation mechanism.

// Example exploitation code (sanitized)
void exploit() {
    char buffer[256];
    strcpy(buffer, "A*500");  // Overflow occurs here
    // Additional exploit code...
}

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-47981

Indicators of Compromise

Unusual network traffic patterns
Unexpected restart of services
Presence of suspicious files or scripts

Detection Strategies

Employ anomaly detection systems to monitor for irregularities in network traffic patterns and sudden changes in resource usage. SentinelOne’s threat detection capabilities can automatically identify such activities using behavioral indicators and machine learning.

Monitoring Recommendations

Continuously monitor logs for unusual authentication requests and traffic directed at security negotiation services, applying heuristics to identify potential exploit attempts.

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-47981

Immediate Actions Required

Apply the latest security patch from Microsoft
Restrict unnecessary network access to affected systems
Implement network segmentation to isolate vulnerable components

Patch Information

Patches for affected Windows versions are available via Microsoft's official update channels. Comprehensive vulnerability mitigation requires applying these patches immediately.

Workarounds

If patching is not immediately feasible, consider disabling the SPNEGO service as a temporary mitigation until the patch can be applied.

bash

# Configuration example to disable SPNEGO service
sc config \\SPNEGO start= disabled
net stop SPNEGO