CVE-2025-40599: SonicWall SMA 210 Firmware RCE Vulnerability

CVE-2025-40599 Overview

An authenticated arbitrary file upload vulnerability exists in the SMA 100 series web management interface. A remote attacker with administrative privileges can exploit this flaw to upload arbitrary files to the system, potentially leading to remote code execution.

Critical Impact
Exploitation can lead to full system compromise, allowing attackers to execute arbitrary code.

Affected Products

sonicwall sma_210_firmware
sonicwall sma_410
sonicwall sma_500v

Discovery Timeline

2025-07-23 - CVE CVE-2025-40599 published to NVD
2025-11-06 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-40599

Vulnerability Analysis

The vulnerability arises due to improper validation of file uploads in the web management interface of the SMA 100 series. An attacker with administrative access can upload malicious files, potentially leading to remote code execution.

Root Cause

The issue stems from a failure to enforce strict file type validation and inadequate sanitization of input provided by authenticated users.

Attack Vector

Exploitation requires network access and authenticated privileges on the SMA web management interface.

python

# Example exploitation code (sanitized)
import requests

url = "http://target-sma-system/upload"
files = {'file': ('shell.php', '<?php echo shell_exec($_GET['cmd']); ?>')}

response = requests.post(url, files=files)
print(response.status_code)

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-40599

Indicators of Compromise

Unusual file types in upload directories
Unexpected outbound connections from SMA system
Modifications to critical system files

Detection Strategies

Implement file integrity monitoring and anomaly detection for unexpected file uploads and modifications. Regularly audit user access roles and permissions.

Monitoring Recommendations

Utilize network traffic analysis to identify suspicious patterns and use endpoint protection solutions to detect unauthorized changes to system files.

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-40599

Immediate Actions Required

Revoke unnecessary administrative privileges
Review and restrict upload directories
Apply access controls on file upload functionalities

Patch Information

Refer to the vendor advisory for detailed patch instructions: Vendor Advisory

Workarounds

Disabling file upload functionality on the web management interface until the patch is applied can mitigate risk.

bash

# Configuration example
iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 8080 -j DROP