CVE-2025-31914: Pixel Form Builder SQL Injection Flaw

CVE-2025-31914 Overview

CVE-2025-31914 is a critical SQL Injection vulnerability affecting the Pixel WordPress Form Builder Plugin & Autoresponder developed by kamleshyadav. The vulnerability allows unauthenticated attackers to perform Blind SQL Injection attacks against WordPress sites using vulnerable versions of the plugin. This flaw exists due to improper neutralization of special elements used in SQL commands (CWE-89), enabling attackers to extract sensitive data from the database without user interaction.

Critical Impact

Unauthenticated attackers can exploit this blind SQL injection vulnerability to extract sensitive database contents including user credentials, personal information, and other confidential data stored in the WordPress database.

Affected Products

• Pixel WordPress Form Builder Plugin & Autoresponder versions up to and including 1.0.2
• WordPress installations using the vulnerable pixel-formbuilder plugin
• All WordPress sites with the plugin installed regardless of configuration

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-05-23 - CVE-2025-31914 published to NVD
• 2025-05-23 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-31914

Vulnerability Analysis

This vulnerability stems from inadequate input validation within the Pixel WordPress Form Builder Plugin & Autoresponder. The plugin fails to properly sanitize user-supplied input before incorporating it into SQL queries, creating a classic SQL injection attack surface. Because this is a blind SQL injection variant, attackers cannot directly view query results but can infer database contents through boolean-based or time-based techniques.

The network-accessible nature of this vulnerability means any WordPress site running the affected plugin version is at risk from remote attackers. No authentication is required to exploit this flaw, significantly lowering the barrier for successful attacks. The scope change indicator in the vulnerability assessment suggests that successful exploitation can impact resources beyond the vulnerable component itself.

Root Cause

The root cause of CVE-2025-31914 is the failure to implement proper input sanitization and parameterized queries within the plugin's database interaction layer. User-controlled input is directly concatenated into SQL statements without escaping special characters or using prepared statements, which are standard defensive measures against SQL injection attacks in WordPress plugin development.

Attack Vector

The attack vector for this vulnerability is network-based, requiring no user interaction or authentication. An attacker can craft malicious HTTP requests to the WordPress site containing specially crafted SQL injection payloads. Since this is a blind SQL injection, the attacker uses inference techniques such as:

• Boolean-based blind SQL injection: Sending payloads that cause the application to return different responses based on whether a SQL condition evaluates to true or false
• Time-based blind SQL injection: Injecting SQL commands that cause database delays, allowing the attacker to extract data one character at a time by measuring response times

The vulnerability can lead to unauthorized access to sensitive database information including WordPress user credentials, email addresses, and other data managed by the form builder plugin.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-31914

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual database query patterns or increased database load without corresponding legitimate traffic
• Web server access logs showing requests with SQL injection payloads containing characters like ', ", ;, --, /*, or SQL keywords
• Error log entries indicating malformed SQL queries or database syntax errors
• Time-based anomalies in page response times that may indicate time-based blind SQL injection attempts

Detection Strategies

• Deploy Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block common SQL injection patterns in HTTP requests
• Implement intrusion detection signatures for SQL injection attack patterns targeting WordPress plugins
• Monitor application logs for requests to the pixel-formbuilder plugin endpoints with suspicious parameter values
• Use security scanning tools to identify the presence of vulnerable plugin versions in WordPress installations

Monitoring Recommendations

• Enable detailed WordPress debug logging to capture potential SQL error messages during exploitation attempts
• Configure database query monitoring to alert on unusual query patterns or failed query attempts
• Implement real-time alerting for WAF rule triggers related to SQL injection attempts
• Regularly audit installed plugins and their versions against known vulnerability databases

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-31914

Immediate Actions Required

• Audit all WordPress installations to identify instances of the Pixel WordPress Form Builder Plugin & Autoresponder
• Consider deactivating and removing the vulnerable plugin until a patched version is available
• Implement Web Application Firewall rules to block SQL injection attempts targeting the plugin
• Review database access logs for signs of previous exploitation attempts
• Rotate WordPress database credentials and user passwords as a precautionary measure

Patch Information

At the time of publication, users should check the Patchstack vulnerability database for the latest patch information and remediation guidance. Monitor the official WordPress plugin repository for updated versions of the Pixel WordPress Form Builder Plugin that address this SQL injection vulnerability.

Workarounds

• Implement a Web Application Firewall with SQL injection protection rules as an interim defensive measure
• Restrict access to WordPress admin and plugin endpoints using IP whitelisting where feasible
• Deploy virtual patching through security plugins such as Wordfence or Sucuri with custom rules targeting the vulnerable endpoint
• Consider using WordPress capability restrictions to limit database access privileges where possible

# Example: Add WAF rules to block common SQL injection patterns
# ModSecurity rule example for Apache/Nginx
SecRule ARGS "@detectSQLi" "id:1001,phase:2,deny,status:403,log,msg:'SQL Injection Attempt Detected'"

# WordPress .htaccess protection (basic SQL injection blocking)
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} (\<|%3C).*script.*(\>|%3E) [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} UNION.*SELECT [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} (\'|\")(.*)(drop|insert|md5|select|union) [NC]
RewriteRule .* - [F]