CVE-2025-30691: Oracle GraalVM For JDK Auth Bypass Flaw

CVE-2025-30691 Overview

Vulnerability in Oracle Java SE (component: Compiler). Supported versions that are affected are Oracle Java SE: 21.0.6, 24; Oracle GraalVM for JDK: 21.0.6 and 24. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Oracle Java SE. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle Java SE accessible data as well as unauthorized read access to a subset of Oracle Java SE accessible data. Note: This vulnerability can be exploited by using APIs in the specified Component, e.g., through a web service which supplies data to the APIs. This vulnerability also applies to Java deployments, typically in clients running sandboxed Java Web Start applications or sandboxed Java applets, that load and run untrusted code (e.g., code that comes from the internet) and rely on the Java sandbox for security.

Critical Impact

Unauthorized data manipulation and reading

Affected Products

• oracle graalvm_for_jdk
• oracle jdk
• oracle jre

Discovery Timeline

• Not Available - Vulnerability discovered by Not Available
• Not Available - Responsible disclosure to oracle
• Not Available - CVE CVE-2025-30691 assigned
• Not Available - oracle releases security patch
• 2025-04-15T21:15:58.360 - CVE CVE-2025-30691 published to NVD
• 2025-11-03T20:18:13.993 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-30691

Vulnerability Analysis

This vulnerability in Oracle Java SE Compiler affects specific versions allowing an attacker to gain unauthorized access to manipulate data by exploiting the APIs used by Java components. Potential attack scenarios include unauthorized access to perform read, update, and delete operations.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability is an improper access control issue in the Oracle Java SE Compiler component, allowing manipulation of APIs leading to unauthorized operations.

Attack Vector

The attack vector is primarily network-based, allowing exploitation via web services communicating with vulnerable APIs.

// Example exploitation code (sanitized)
public class ExploitExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // Potentially harmful API usage
        executeUnsafeAPI("maliciousInput");
    }

    private static void executeUnsafeAPI(String input) {
        // Simulating the exploitation of the vulnerability
        System.out.println("Executing with input: " + input);
    }
}

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-30691

Indicators of Compromise

• Unexplained changes to Java SE data
• Unauthorized API calls logged in network
• Increased network activity from unrecognized sources

Detection Strategies

Implement monitoring of Java application API calls for unauthorized or suspicious activity patterns, especially those involving unusually large data processes.

Monitoring Recommendations

Utilize network intrusion detection systems (NIDS) to detect anomalous patterns in traffic, and detailed logging for all API access attempts.

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-30691

Immediate Actions Required

• Audit API calls for suspicious activities
• Strengthen Java sandbox security configurations
• Implement strict network access controls

Patch Information

Ensure Java SE environment is updated with the latest security patches as released by Oracle: Oracle Security Alerts.

Workarounds

Isolate Java components with restricted access environments to prevent unauthorized data manipulation.

# Configuration example
# Ensure firewall rules restrict API access
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -s trusted.network -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j DROP