CVE-2025-1576 Overview
A critical SQL injection vulnerability was discovered in code-projects Real Estate Property Management System version 1.0. The vulnerability exists in the /ajax_state.php file, where the StateName parameter is improperly handled as part of a string operation, allowing attackers to inject malicious SQL commands. This flaw can be exploited remotely by authenticated users to manipulate database queries, potentially leading to unauthorized data access, modification, or deletion.
Critical Impact
Remote attackers with low privileges can exploit this SQL injection vulnerability to compromise the database backend, potentially accessing sensitive property and user information stored in the Real Estate Property Management System.
Affected Products
- Fabian Real Estate Property Management System 1.0
- code-projects Real Estate Property Management System 1.0
Discovery Timeline
- 2025-02-23 - CVE-2025-1576 published to NVD
- 2025-10-23 - Last updated in NVD database
Technical Details for CVE-2025-1576
Vulnerability Analysis
This vulnerability is a classic SQL injection (CWE-89) that stems from improper neutralization of special elements used in SQL commands. The affected endpoint /ajax_state.php accepts user input through the StateName parameter and incorporates it directly into SQL queries without proper sanitization or parameterization.
The vulnerability is classified under both CWE-89 (SQL Injection) and CWE-74 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component), indicating that user-supplied input is processed without adequate validation before being used in database operations. An attacker with network access and low-level privileges can manipulate the StateName parameter to inject arbitrary SQL code, potentially extracting sensitive data, modifying records, or escalating privileges within the application.
Root Cause
The root cause of this vulnerability is the direct concatenation of user-supplied input into SQL query strings without proper input validation, sanitization, or the use of parameterized queries (prepared statements). The application fails to treat the StateName parameter as untrusted data, allowing special SQL characters and commands to be interpreted by the database engine.
Attack Vector
The attack can be launched remotely over the network with low authentication requirements. An attacker submits a crafted HTTP request to /ajax_state.php containing malicious SQL syntax within the StateName parameter. The injected SQL commands are then executed by the database server, enabling unauthorized actions such as data exfiltration, authentication bypass, or database manipulation. The exploit has been publicly disclosed, increasing the risk of active exploitation.
The vulnerability mechanism involves string manipulation where user input is directly embedded into SQL queries. For technical details and proof-of-concept information, refer to the GitHub CVE Analysis and VulDB entry #296551.
Detection Methods for CVE-2025-1576
Indicators of Compromise
- Unusual SQL error messages in application or web server logs originating from /ajax_state.php
- HTTP requests to /ajax_state.php containing SQL keywords (UNION, SELECT, INSERT, DROP, etc.) in the StateName parameter
- Unexpected database query patterns or access to tables not typically accessed by the application
- Authentication anomalies or unauthorized access following requests to the affected endpoint
Detection Strategies
- Implement web application firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block SQL injection patterns targeting the StateName parameter
- Configure intrusion detection systems (IDS) to alert on HTTP requests containing common SQL injection payloads
- Enable database query logging and monitor for anomalous queries originating from the Real Estate Property Management System
- Deploy application-layer monitoring to detect unusual request patterns to /ajax_state.php
Monitoring Recommendations
- Enable detailed access logging for all requests to /ajax_state.php and review logs regularly for suspicious patterns
- Set up automated alerts for SQL error responses that may indicate injection attempts
- Monitor database access logs for queries that deviate from expected application behavior
- Implement real-time security monitoring through SentinelOne Singularity Platform to detect exploitation attempts
How to Mitigate CVE-2025-1576
Immediate Actions Required
- Restrict access to the /ajax_state.php endpoint until a patch can be applied
- Implement input validation to allow only alphanumeric characters in the StateName parameter
- Deploy a web application firewall (WAF) with SQL injection protection rules
- Review and audit database user permissions to follow the principle of least privilege
- Monitor for any signs of exploitation using the detection strategies outlined above
Patch Information
No official vendor patch has been released at this time. Organizations using the Fabian Real Estate Property Management System should contact the vendor via Code Projects for remediation guidance. In the absence of an official fix, implementing the workarounds and mitigation strategies below is strongly recommended.
Workarounds
- Disable or remove the /ajax_state.php file if the functionality is not critical to business operations
- Implement application-level input sanitization using parameterized queries or prepared statements
- Place the application behind a reverse proxy with SQL injection filtering capabilities
- Restrict network access to the application to trusted IP ranges only
# Example: Apache mod_rewrite rule to block requests with SQL injection patterns
# Add to .htaccess or Apache configuration
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} (union|select|insert|update|delete|drop|benchmark|sleep) [NC]
RewriteRule ^ajax_state\.php$ - [F,L]
Disclaimer: This content was generated using AI. While we strive for accuracy, please verify critical information with official sources.
