CVE-2025-15077: Student Management System SQLi Vulnerability

CVE-2025-15077 Overview

A SQL Injection vulnerability has been identified in itsourcecode Student Management System version 1.0. The vulnerability exists in an unknown function within the file /form137.php, where improper handling of the ID parameter allows attackers to inject malicious SQL statements. This flaw can be exploited remotely without authentication, enabling unauthorized database access, data manipulation, and potential system compromise.

Critical Impact

Remote attackers can exploit this SQL injection vulnerability to extract sensitive student data, modify database records, or potentially gain further access to the underlying system through database exploitation techniques.

Affected Products

• itsourcecode Student Management System 1.0
• angeljudesuarez student_management_system 1.0

Discovery Timeline

• December 25, 2025 - CVE-2025-15077 published to NVD
• December 30, 2025 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-15077

Vulnerability Analysis

This SQL Injection vulnerability (CWE-74: Injection) occurs in the /form137.php file of the Student Management System. The application fails to properly sanitize or parameterize the ID argument before incorporating it into SQL queries. This allows attackers to craft malicious input that alters the intended SQL command structure, potentially leading to unauthorized data access, modification, or deletion.

The vulnerability is remotely exploitable without requiring any prior authentication or user interaction, making it accessible to any attacker with network access to the vulnerable application. The exploit has been publicly disclosed, increasing the risk of active exploitation in the wild.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability is improper input validation and the lack of parameterized queries (prepared statements) when handling the ID parameter in /form137.php. User-supplied input is directly concatenated into SQL queries without proper sanitization, allowing SQL syntax to be injected and executed by the database engine. This is a classic example of insufficient input validation leading to injection vulnerabilities.

Attack Vector

The attack can be initiated remotely over the network. An attacker can submit specially crafted HTTP requests to /form137.php with malicious SQL code embedded in the ID parameter. The injected SQL statements are then executed by the database with the privileges of the application's database user.

Typical exploitation scenarios include:

• Using UNION-based injection to extract data from other database tables
• Employing boolean-based or time-based blind SQL injection to enumerate database contents
• Leveraging stacked queries (if supported) to modify or delete data
• Potential privilege escalation through database-specific features like xp_cmdshell or LOAD_FILE()

For detailed technical analysis and proof of concept information, refer to the GitHub CVE Issue Discussion and VulDB #338334.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-15077

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual or malformed requests to /form137.php containing SQL keywords such as UNION, SELECT, DROP, INSERT, or comment sequences like -- and /*
• Database error messages in application logs indicating SQL syntax errors or unexpected query behavior
• Anomalous database activity including bulk data exports, unauthorized data modifications, or unusual query patterns
• Access logs showing repeated requests to /form137.php with varying ID parameter values containing special characters

Detection Strategies

• Deploy Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block SQL injection patterns in HTTP requests targeting /form137.php
• Implement application-level logging to capture all requests with suspicious parameter values
• Configure database auditing to monitor for unusual query patterns, especially those accessing sensitive tables or performing bulk operations
• Utilize intrusion detection systems (IDS) with signatures for common SQL injection attack patterns

Monitoring Recommendations

• Monitor web server access logs for requests to /form137.php with abnormal ID parameter values
• Set up alerts for database connection errors and SQL syntax exceptions that may indicate injection attempts
• Track database user activity for unauthorized read operations on student records or system tables
• Review application error logs regularly for SQL-related exceptions that could reveal exploitation attempts

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-15077

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict access to /form137.php until a patch is applied, using network-level controls or web server configuration
• Implement input validation to reject ID parameter values containing non-numeric characters
• Deploy WAF rules specifically targeting SQL injection patterns in requests to the vulnerable endpoint
• Review database user permissions and apply the principle of least privilege to limit potential damage from exploitation
• Back up all database content immediately to ensure data recovery capabilities

Patch Information

At the time of publication, no official vendor patch has been released for this vulnerability. Organizations using the affected Student Management System should monitor the itsourcecode website and the vendor's communication channels for security updates.

In the absence of an official patch, organizations should implement the workarounds below and consider whether continued use of the affected software is appropriate given the security risk.

Workarounds

• Implement prepared statements (parameterized queries) in the /form137.php file to properly handle the ID parameter
• Add server-side input validation to ensure the ID parameter only accepts numeric values
• Deploy a reverse proxy or WAF with SQL injection protection rules in front of the application
• Restrict network access to the application to trusted IP ranges only
• Consider disabling or removing the /form137.php functionality until proper remediation is implemented

# Example Apache .htaccess configuration to restrict access to vulnerable endpoint
<Files "form137.php">
    Order deny,allow
    Deny from all
    # Allow only from trusted internal networks
    Allow from 192.168.1.0/24
    Allow from 10.0.0.0/8
</Files>