CVE-2025-11341: Jinher OA XXE Vulnerability

CVE-2025-11341 Overview

A security flaw has been discovered in Jinher OA up to version 2.0 affecting the file /c6/Jhsoft.Web.module/eformaspx/WebDesign.aspx/?type=SystemUserInfo&style=1. This vulnerability allows XML External Entity (XXE) reference attacks through manipulation of an unknown function. Remote exploitation is possible, and the exploit has been publicly disclosed, increasing the risk of active exploitation.

Critical Impact

This XXE vulnerability allows remote attackers to potentially read sensitive files, perform server-side request forgery (SSRF), or cause denial of service through malicious XML processing.

Affected Products

• Jinher OA versions up to 2.0
• Jinher OA WebDesign.aspx component
• Jinher OA eformaspx module

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-10-06 - CVE-2025-11341 published to NVD
• 2026-01-16 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-11341

Vulnerability Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-611 (Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference) and CWE-610 (Externally Controlled Reference to a Resource in Another Sphere). The affected endpoint WebDesign.aspx within the eformaspx module does not properly sanitize or restrict XML input, allowing attackers to inject malicious XML entities that reference external resources.

XXE vulnerabilities occur when an XML parser processes user-controlled input without disabling external entity resolution. In the case of Jinher OA, the SystemUserInfo type parameter combined with style configuration appears to accept XML data that can be exploited to include arbitrary external entities.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability stems from improper configuration of the XML parser used by the WebDesign.aspx component. The application fails to disable Document Type Definition (DTD) processing and external entity resolution, allowing attackers to define custom entities that reference local files or remote URLs. This is a common misconfiguration in enterprise applications that process XML data without implementing secure parsing practices.

Attack Vector

The attack is network-based and requires no authentication or user interaction, making it particularly dangerous for internet-exposed Jinher OA instances. An attacker can craft a malicious HTTP request to the vulnerable endpoint containing specially crafted XML with external entity definitions. When processed by the vulnerable XML parser, these entities can be used to:

1. Read sensitive files from the server filesystem
2. Perform SSRF attacks against internal network resources
3. Cause denial of service through recursive entity expansion (billion laughs attack)
4. Potentially exfiltrate data to attacker-controlled servers

The vulnerability manifests in the WebDesign.aspx endpoint when processing the SystemUserInfo type parameter. Malicious XXE payloads can include external entity declarations that reference local system files (such as /etc/passwd on Linux or C:\Windows\win.ini on Windows) or external URLs. When the XML parser resolves these entities, the content is included in the response or processed server-side. For detailed technical analysis, refer to the GitHub CVE Issue Discussion and VulDB entry #327226.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-11341

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual HTTP requests to /c6/Jhsoft.Web.module/eformaspx/WebDesign.aspx containing XML payloads with DOCTYPE declarations
• Network traffic containing external entity references such as <!ENTITY or SYSTEM keywords in request bodies
• Server logs showing requests with type=SystemUserInfo parameter containing XML content
• Unexpected outbound connections from the web server to external hosts
• Access to sensitive system files from the web application process

Detection Strategies

• Monitor web application logs for requests to the WebDesign.aspx endpoint containing suspicious XML patterns
• Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block XXE attack signatures including DOCTYPE and ENTITY declarations
• Deploy network intrusion detection systems (IDS) with rules for XXE exploitation attempts
• Configure SIEM alerts for anomalous XML processing activity and file access patterns

Monitoring Recommendations

• Enable verbose logging for the Jinher OA application, particularly for the eformaspx module
• Monitor for unusual file system access patterns from the IIS application pool identity
• Track outbound network connections initiated by the web server process
• Implement real-time alerting for requests containing common XXE payload patterns

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-11341

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict network access to the vulnerable endpoint /c6/Jhsoft.Web.module/eformaspx/WebDesign.aspx using firewall rules or access control lists
• Implement WAF rules to block requests containing XML external entity declarations
• Monitor for exploitation attempts while awaiting an official patch from Jinher
• Consider taking the affected component offline if it is not business-critical

Patch Information

No official patch information is currently available from Jinher. Organizations should monitor official Jinher channels and security advisories for updates. In the interim, implementing the workarounds below can help reduce exposure to this vulnerability. Additional technical details are available at VulDB CTI ID #327226.

Workarounds

• Disable external entity processing in the application's XML parser configuration if accessible
• Use network segmentation to isolate Jinher OA servers from sensitive internal resources
• Implement strict input validation on the affected endpoint using a reverse proxy or WAF
• Restrict access to the eformaspx module to authenticated users only with additional access controls
• Consider deploying SentinelOne Singularity to detect and prevent exploitation attempts at the endpoint level

# Example IIS URL Rewrite rule to block XXE attempts
# Add to web.config in the Jinher OA root directory
# <system.webServer>
#   <rewrite>
#     <rules>
#       <rule name="Block XXE Attempts" stopProcessing="true">
#         <match url=".*WebDesign\.aspx.*" />
#         <conditions>
#           <add input="{REQUEST_METHOD}" pattern="POST" />
#         </conditions>
#         <action type="CustomResponse" statusCode="403" statusReason="Forbidden" statusDescription="Request blocked for security" />
#       </rule>
#     </rules>
#   </rewrite>
# </system.webServer>