CVE-2025-10452: Gotac Statistical Database Auth Bypass

CVE-2025-10452 Overview

The Statistical Database System developed by Gotac contains a Missing Authentication vulnerability (CWE-306) that allows unauthenticated remote attackers to read, modify, and delete database contents with high-level privileges. This critical flaw enables complete compromise of the database system without requiring any credentials.

Critical Impact

Unauthenticated attackers can remotely access, modify, and delete sensitive database contents with elevated privileges, potentially leading to complete data breach, data corruption, or total system compromise.

Affected Products

• Gotac Statistical Database System

Discovery Timeline

• September 15, 2025 - CVE CVE-2025-10452 published to NVD
• September 15, 2025 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-10452

Vulnerability Analysis

This vulnerability stems from a complete lack of authentication controls on critical database operations within the Gotac Statistical Database System. The system fails to verify user identity before allowing access to sensitive database functions, effectively exposing all data manipulation capabilities to any network-accessible attacker.

The missing authentication vulnerability allows attackers to bypass all intended access controls and directly interact with the database backend. Since no credentials are required, attackers can perform read, write, and delete operations on the entire database contents with the same privileges as legitimate high-level users.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability is the absence of authentication mechanisms (CWE-306: Missing Authentication for Critical Function) protecting sensitive database operations. The application exposes database management functions without implementing any form of identity verification, credential validation, or access control checks before processing requests.

Attack Vector

The vulnerability is exploitable over the network, requiring no user interaction and no prior authentication. An attacker with network access to the vulnerable Statistical Database System can directly send requests to perform unauthorized database operations. The attack complexity is low, making this vulnerability easily exploitable by attackers with minimal technical knowledge.

The exploitation process involves:

1. Identifying a network-accessible Gotac Statistical Database System instance
2. Sending direct requests to database management endpoints without credentials
3. Executing read, modify, or delete operations on database contents
4. Exfiltrating sensitive data or corrupting database integrity

Due to the missing authentication controls, no special privileges or authentication tokens are required to exploit this vulnerability. For detailed technical information, refer to the TW-CERT Security Advisory.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-10452

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual database queries or operations from unexpected source IP addresses
• Unexpected data modifications or deletions in the Statistical Database System
• Network traffic to database endpoints from unauthorized systems
• Database access logs showing operations without corresponding authenticated sessions

Detection Strategies

• Monitor network traffic for unauthenticated requests to the Statistical Database System endpoints
• Implement database activity monitoring to detect unauthorized read, write, or delete operations
• Deploy network-based intrusion detection systems (IDS) to identify exploitation attempts
• Review database audit logs for access patterns that bypass normal authentication workflows

Monitoring Recommendations

• Enable comprehensive logging on the Statistical Database System to capture all access attempts
• Configure alerting for database operations originating from untrusted network segments
• Implement real-time monitoring for bulk data access or deletion patterns
• Establish baseline normal database activity patterns to detect anomalous behavior

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-10452

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict network access to the Gotac Statistical Database System using firewall rules
• Implement network segmentation to isolate the vulnerable system from untrusted networks
• Enable authentication mechanisms if available in system configuration
• Monitor for signs of exploitation while awaiting vendor guidance

Patch Information

Organizations should consult the TW-CERT Security Advisory (English) or TW-CERT Security Advisory (Traditional Chinese) for the latest remediation guidance from the vendor.

Workarounds

• Implement network-level access controls to restrict access to trusted IP addresses only
• Deploy a reverse proxy or web application firewall (WAF) to enforce authentication before requests reach the database system
• Place the Statistical Database System behind a VPN to require authenticated network access
• Disable or restrict external network access to the system until a patch is available