CVE-2025-0725: NetApp HCI BMC Buffer Overflow Vulnerability

CVE-2025-0725 Overview

When libcurl is asked to perform automatic gzip decompression of content-encoded HTTP responses with the CURLOPT_ACCEPT_ENCODING option, using zlib 1.2.0.3 or older, an attacker-controlled integer overflow would make libcurl perform a buffer overflow.

Critical Impact

This vulnerability allows for potential buffer overflows, leading to system compromise.

Affected Products

• netapp hci_baseboard_management_controller
• netapp hci_h610s_firmware
• netapp hci_h610s

Discovery Timeline

• Not Available - Vulnerability discovered by Not Available
• Not Available - Responsible disclosure to netapp
• Not Available - CVE CVE-2025-0725 assigned
• Not Available - Netapp releases security patch
• 2025-02-05 - CVE CVE-2025-0725 published to NVD
• 2025-06-27 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-0725

Vulnerability Analysis

The vulnerability arises due to improper handling of integer overflow during gzip decompression in libcurl, leading to a potential buffer overflow when using zlib 1.2.0.3 or older.

Root Cause

The root cause is an integer overflow that occurs when the gzip decompression feature is enabled, allowing an attacker to control buffer allocation and cause overflow.

Attack Vector

Network

// Example exploitation code (sanitized)
#include <curl/curl.h>

int main() {
    CURL *curl = curl_easy_init();
    if(curl) {
        curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL, "http://example.com");
        curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_ACCEPT_ENCODING, "gzip");
        CURLcode res = curl_easy_perform(curl);
        curl_easy_cleanup(curl);
    }
    return 0;
}

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-0725

Indicators of Compromise

• Unexpected process crashes
• Unusual network activity
• Changes in configuration files

Detection Strategies

Monitoring log files for unusual errors or crash dumps, particularly associated with gzip decompression processes in libcurl.

Monitoring Recommendations

Implement network traffic analysis to detect abnormal patterns that might indicate exploitation attempts targeting the vulnerable zlib version.

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-0725

Immediate Actions Required

• Update to the latest version of libcurl.
• Replace zlib 1.2.0.3 with a newer, patched version.
• Enable network firewall rules to restrict potentially malicious traffic.

Patch Information

Please find the patch details in the GitHub commit.

Workarounds

Disable automatic content decoding in libcurl as a temporary workaround until a fix is deployed.

# Configuration example
export NO_PROXY=example.com
curl -H 'Accept-Encoding: identity' http://example.com