CVE-2019-25472: IntelBras TIP200 File Read Vulnerability

CVE-2019-25472 Overview

CVE-2019-25472 is an unauthenticated arbitrary file read vulnerability affecting IntelBras Telefone IP TIP200 and TIP200 LITE devices. The vulnerability exists in the dumpConfigFile function accessible via the cgiServer.exx endpoint. Attackers can exploit this flaw by sending crafted GET requests to /cgi-bin/cgiServer.exx with the command parameter containing dumpConfigFile() to read sensitive files, including /etc/shadow and configuration files, without any authentication.

Critical Impact

This vulnerability allows unauthenticated remote attackers to read arbitrary files from vulnerable IntelBras VoIP devices, potentially exposing password hashes, credentials, and sensitive configuration data that could be leveraged for further attacks.

Affected Products

• IntelBras Telefone IP TIP200
• IntelBras Telefone IP TIP200 LITE

Discovery Timeline

• 2026-03-11 - CVE-2019-25472 published to NVD
• 2026-03-12 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2019-25472

Vulnerability Analysis

This vulnerability falls under CWE-73 (External Control of File Name or Path), which allows attackers to manipulate file paths to access unauthorized files on the system. The cgiServer.exx CGI endpoint on IntelBras TIP200 and TIP200 LITE VoIP phones fails to implement proper authentication checks before processing requests. When an attacker invokes the dumpConfigFile() function through the command parameter, the device responds by returning the contents of sensitive system files without verifying whether the request originates from an authenticated administrator.

The attack surface is network-accessible, requiring no user interaction and no prior authentication. This makes the vulnerability particularly dangerous in environments where these VoIP devices are exposed to untrusted networks or the internet. Successful exploitation grants attackers read access to critical system files, including password hashes stored in /etc/shadow, which can be cracked offline to obtain plaintext credentials.

Root Cause

The root cause of CVE-2019-25472 is the lack of authentication enforcement on the cgiServer.exx endpoint. The web server component of the IntelBras TIP200 firmware does not validate that incoming requests to the dumpConfigFile() function originate from an authenticated session. This missing authentication check allows any remote attacker who can reach the device over the network to invoke sensitive administrative functions that should be protected.

Attack Vector

The attack vector is network-based and requires no authentication or user interaction. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by:

1. Identifying IntelBras TIP200 or TIP200 LITE devices exposed on the network
2. Sending a crafted HTTP GET request to the /cgi-bin/cgiServer.exx endpoint
3. Including the command parameter with the value dumpConfigFile() along with the target file path
4. Receiving the contents of the requested file in the HTTP response

The attacker can target files such as /etc/shadow to obtain password hashes, /etc/passwd for user enumeration, or device configuration files that may contain credentials and network information.

Detection Methods for CVE-2019-25472

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual HTTP GET requests to /cgi-bin/cgiServer.exx from external or unexpected IP addresses
• Request parameters containing dumpConfigFile function calls
• Attempts to access sensitive file paths such as /etc/shadow, /etc/passwd, or configuration directories
• Repeated requests to CGI endpoints from the same source attempting different file paths

Detection Strategies

• Monitor web server access logs on IntelBras devices for requests containing cgiServer.exx with dumpConfigFile parameters
• Implement network intrusion detection rules to alert on HTTP requests matching the exploit pattern targeting CGI endpoints
• Deploy application-layer firewalls to inspect and block requests containing known exploitation patterns
• Conduct regular vulnerability assessments to identify exposed IntelBras devices on the network

Monitoring Recommendations

• Configure SIEM solutions to correlate and alert on suspicious CGI access patterns targeting VoIP infrastructure
• Implement network segmentation monitoring to detect unauthorized access attempts to VoIP device management interfaces
• Enable detailed logging on network devices to capture HTTP request parameters for forensic analysis
• Establish baseline traffic patterns for VoIP devices to identify anomalous administrative access

How to Mitigate CVE-2019-25472

Immediate Actions Required

• Isolate affected IntelBras TIP200 and TIP200 LITE devices from untrusted networks immediately
• Implement network segmentation to restrict access to device management interfaces to authorized administrative VLANs only
• Deploy firewall rules to block external access to the /cgi-bin/ directory on affected devices
• Audit existing devices for signs of compromise by reviewing access logs for suspicious cgiServer.exx requests

Patch Information

Consult the VulnCheck Advisory for Intelbras and the Intelbras Integration Guide for vendor-specific guidance on firmware updates and security patches. Additional technical details can be found in Exploit-DB #47337. Contact IntelBras support to determine if updated firmware addressing this vulnerability is available for your device model.

Workarounds

• Implement access control lists (ACLs) on network devices to restrict access to VoIP phone management interfaces
• Place affected devices behind a reverse proxy that enforces authentication before allowing access to CGI endpoints
• Use VPN solutions to ensure that administrative access to VoIP devices is only available through secure, authenticated channels
• Consider replacing end-of-life devices that cannot receive security updates with supported alternatives