CVE-2025-11076: Campcodes Online LMS SQLi Vulnerability

CVE-2025-11076 Overview

A SQL injection vulnerability has been identified in Campcodes Online Learning Management System version 1.0. This security flaw affects the /admin/edit_teacher.php file, where improper handling of the department argument allows attackers to inject malicious SQL queries. The vulnerability enables remote exploitation without authentication, potentially compromising the integrity and confidentiality of the underlying database.

Critical Impact

This SQL injection vulnerability allows unauthenticated remote attackers to manipulate database queries through the department parameter, potentially leading to unauthorized data access, data modification, or complete database compromise.

Affected Products

• Campcodes Online Learning Management System 1.0

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-09-27 - CVE-2025-11076 published to NVD
• 2025-10-03 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-11076

Vulnerability Analysis

This SQL injection vulnerability exists within the administrative functionality of the Campcodes Online Learning Management System. The vulnerable endpoint /admin/edit_teacher.php fails to properly sanitize user-supplied input in the department parameter before incorporating it into SQL queries. This lack of input validation allows attackers to craft malicious payloads that can alter the intended SQL query logic, potentially enabling unauthorized database operations.

The vulnerability is classified under CWE-74 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component), which encompasses injection flaws where attacker-controlled data is passed to an interpreter without proper sanitization.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability is insufficient input validation and lack of parameterized queries in the edit_teacher.php file. When the department argument is processed, the application directly concatenates user input into SQL statements without sanitizing special characters or using prepared statements. This allows SQL metacharacters to escape the intended query context and execute arbitrary SQL commands.

Attack Vector

The attack can be executed remotely over the network without requiring any authentication or user interaction. An attacker can target the /admin/edit_teacher.php endpoint and manipulate the department parameter to inject SQL commands. The exploit has been publicly disclosed, increasing the risk of widespread exploitation.

The vulnerability allows for potential extraction of sensitive information from the database, modification of existing records, or in some configurations, escalation to operating system command execution through database-specific functions.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-11076

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual SQL error messages in application logs related to /admin/edit_teacher.php
• Unexpected database queries containing SQL injection patterns such as single quotes, UNION statements, or comment sequences in the department parameter
• Anomalous access patterns to the administrative edit teacher functionality
• Evidence of database enumeration or data exfiltration attempts

Detection Strategies

• Implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect SQL injection patterns in HTTP requests targeting /admin/edit_teacher.php
• Configure database activity monitoring to alert on unusual query patterns or potential injection attempts
• Deploy intrusion detection systems with signatures for common SQL injection attack strings
• Review web server access logs for suspicious requests containing SQL metacharacters in query parameters

Monitoring Recommendations

• Enable detailed logging for all requests to administrative endpoints including /admin/edit_teacher.php
• Monitor database query logs for unexpected statements or error conditions
• Set up alerts for failed authentication attempts followed by SQL errors
• Implement real-time monitoring of application error logs for SQL-related exceptions

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-11076

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict access to the /admin/edit_teacher.php endpoint using network-level controls or authentication requirements
• Implement input validation on the department parameter to reject special characters
• Deploy a Web Application Firewall with SQL injection detection capabilities in front of the application
• Review and audit all administrative endpoints for similar injection vulnerabilities

Patch Information

No official patch information is currently available from the vendor. Organizations using Campcodes Online Learning Management System 1.0 should contact Campcodes directly for security updates or consider implementing the workarounds below. For additional technical details, refer to the VulDB vulnerability entry or the GitHub issue tracker.

Workarounds

• Implement parameterized queries or prepared statements in the affected code to prevent SQL injection
• Apply input sanitization to filter SQL metacharacters from user-supplied data in the department field
• Restrict network access to administrative functions using firewall rules or VPN requirements
• Consider deploying the application behind a reverse proxy with SQL injection filtering capabilities
• Temporarily disable the edit teacher functionality if it is not business-critical until a proper fix is available

# Example: Restrict access to admin endpoints via Apache .htaccess
<Location /admin/edit_teacher.php>
    Order Deny,Allow
    Deny from all
    Allow from 192.168.1.0/24
    # Restrict to trusted internal network only
</Location>