CVE-2025-7580: Fabian Voting System SQL Injection Flaw

CVE-2025-7580 Overview

CVE-2025-7580 is a SQL injection vulnerability in code-projects Voting System 1.0, developed by Fabian. The flaw resides in the /admin/positions_row.php script, where the ID parameter is passed into a database query without proper sanitization. An authenticated remote attacker can manipulate the parameter to inject arbitrary SQL statements. The exploit details have been publicly disclosed, increasing the risk of opportunistic exploitation against exposed instances. The vulnerability is tracked under CWE-74: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component.

Critical Impact
Remote attackers with low-level privileges can execute arbitrary SQL queries against the application database, potentially exposing voter records, modifying election data, or compromising administrative accounts.

Affected Products

Fabian Voting System 1.0
Component: /admin/positions_row.php
CPE: cpe:2.3:a:fabian:voting_system:1.0

Discovery Timeline

2025-07-14 - CVE-2025-7580 published to NVD
2026-04-29 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-7580

Vulnerability Analysis

The vulnerability exists in the administrative interface of the Voting System application. Specifically, the /admin/positions_row.php endpoint accepts an ID parameter that is concatenated directly into a SQL query without parameterization or input validation. This allows an attacker to break out of the intended query context and append arbitrary SQL clauses.

Because the affected endpoint resides under /admin/, exploitation requires at least low-level authenticated access. However, the attack can be conducted remotely over the network with low complexity. The disclosure of exploit details in public references including VulDB entry #316279 and GitHub Issue #7 lowers the barrier for opportunistic abuse.

Root Cause

The root cause is the absence of prepared statements or parameterized queries when handling the ID request parameter in positions_row.php. User-supplied input flows directly into SQL string construction, allowing query manipulation. This is a classic instance of CWE-74 input neutralization failure in a PHP and MySQL stack.

Attack Vector

An authenticated attacker sends a crafted HTTP request to /admin/positions_row.php with a malicious payload in the ID parameter. The injected SQL can be used to extract records using UNION-based techniques, infer data via boolean or time-based blind injection, or modify table contents. According to the EPSS model dated 2026-06-09, the likelihood of observed exploitation remains relatively low, but public proof-of-concept material exists.

The vulnerability mechanism is described in the GitHub CVE issue tracker. No verified exploit code is reproduced here.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-7580

Indicators of Compromise

HTTP requests to /admin/positions_row.php containing SQL metacharacters such as single quotes, UNION SELECT, --, OR 1=1, or SLEEP( in the ID parameter.
Database error messages or unexpected response sizes returned from the positions_row.php endpoint.
Unusual administrative session activity originating from external or unexpected IP addresses.

Detection Strategies

Deploy web application firewall (WAF) rules that inspect query string and POST parameters submitted to /admin/positions_row.php for SQL injection signatures.
Enable verbose application logging to capture full URL parameters, including the ID value, for forensic correlation.
Review database query logs for anomalous statements referencing the positions table or unrelated information_schema queries.

Monitoring Recommendations

Alert on authentication anomalies for the Voting System administrative panel, including brute-force attempts and access from new geolocations.
Monitor outbound database traffic volume from the application server for sudden spikes consistent with data exfiltration.
Track failed and successful logins to the admin interface and correlate with subsequent requests to positions_row.php.

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-7580

Immediate Actions Required

Restrict network access to the /admin/ directory using IP allowlisting or VPN-gated access until a fix is applied.
Audit administrative accounts and rotate credentials for any accounts with access to the Voting System backend.
Place the application behind a WAF configured to block SQL injection patterns targeting the ID parameter.

Patch Information

At the time of publication, no official vendor patch has been listed in the code-projects advisories or referenced in the VulDB entry. Operators of Fabian Voting System 1.0 should monitor the vendor site for updates and consider migrating to a maintained voting platform if no fix is released.

Workarounds

Modify positions_row.php to use prepared statements with bound parameters for the ID value, ensuring it is cast to an integer before query execution.
Implement server-side input validation that rejects non-numeric values for ID before reaching database logic.
Disable or remove the affected endpoint if the functionality is not actively required in your deployment.

bash

# Example PHP mitigation pattern using PDO prepared statements
$id = filter_input(INPUT_GET, 'ID', FILTER_VALIDATE_INT);
if ($id === false) {
    http_response_code(400);
    exit('Invalid ID');
}
$stmt = $pdo->prepare('SELECT * FROM positions WHERE id = :id');
$stmt->execute([':id' => $id]);