CVE-2025-7557: Fabian Voting System SQLi Vulnerability

CVE-2025-7557 Overview

CVE-2025-7557 is a SQL injection vulnerability in code-projects Voting System 1.0, a PHP-based web application distributed through code-projects.org. The flaw resides in /admin/voters_row.php, where the ID parameter is incorporated into a database query without proper sanitization. Remote attackers with low-privileged authenticated access can manipulate the ID argument to inject arbitrary SQL statements. The exploit has been publicly disclosed, increasing the likelihood of opportunistic exploitation against exposed instances. The vulnerability is tracked under [CWE-74] (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component).

Critical Impact
Authenticated attackers can inject SQL through the ID parameter of /admin/voters_row.php, potentially exposing voter records and admin credentials stored in the application database.

Affected Products

Fabian Voting System 1.0
Component: /admin/voters_row.php
CPE: cpe:2.3:a:fabian:voting_system:1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

Discovery Timeline

2025-07-14 - CVE-2025-7557 published to NVD
2026-04-29 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-7557

Vulnerability Analysis

The vulnerability exists in the administrative endpoint /admin/voters_row.php of the Fabian Voting System 1.0. The script accepts an ID parameter from the request and concatenates it directly into a SQL query executed against the backend database. Because the parameter is not validated, parameterized, or escaped, an attacker can break out of the intended query context and append arbitrary SQL clauses.

The issue is reachable over the network and requires only low-level authenticated privileges. Successful exploitation can disclose data from any table accessible to the application database user, including voter identities, ballot records, and administrator password hashes. Depending on database privileges, an attacker may also modify records to tamper with election results or escalate access within the application.

A public exploit has been disclosed through VulDB #316255 and the GitHub CVE Issue Tracker, lowering the technical barrier for exploitation. The EPSS probability is 0.197% (percentile 41.65) as of June 2026.

Root Cause

The root cause is direct concatenation of user-controlled input into a SQL statement. The application does not use prepared statements or apply input filtering to the ID parameter before passing it to the MySQL driver, violating fundamental input validation practices for database queries.

Attack Vector

An authenticated attacker sends a crafted HTTP request to /admin/voters_row.php with a malicious ID value containing SQL metacharacters such as single quotes, UNION SELECT clauses, or boolean payloads. The injected statement executes within the application database context, returning data through the response or via blind techniques such as time-based or error-based extraction.

The vulnerability mechanism is described in the public disclosure referenced in the GitHub CVE Issue Tracker. No verified exploitation code is reproduced here.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-7557

Indicators of Compromise

HTTP requests to /admin/voters_row.php containing SQL metacharacters such as ', --, UNION, SELECT, or SLEEP( in the ID parameter.
Unusual outbound database queries against the voters table or schema enumeration queries against information_schema.
Web server access logs showing repeated requests to voters_row.php from a single source with varying ID values.

Detection Strategies

Inspect web application firewall (WAF) logs for SQL injection signatures targeting the voters_row.php endpoint.
Enable MySQL general query logging temporarily and search for malformed queries originating from the voting system database user.
Correlate authentication events with administrative endpoint access to identify low-privileged accounts probing admin paths.

Monitoring Recommendations

Alert on HTTP 500 responses from /admin/voters_row.php, which often indicate failed injection attempts.
Track request rate and parameter entropy on administrative PHP endpoints to surface automated scanners.
Forward web server and database logs to a centralized analytics platform for retrospective hunting against the disclosed payload patterns.

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-7557

Immediate Actions Required

Restrict network access to the /admin/ directory using IP allowlists or VPN-only access until a fix is applied.
Audit administrative accounts and rotate credentials, assuming database contents may already be exposed.
Deploy WAF rules to block SQL injection patterns targeting the ID parameter of voters_row.php.

Patch Information

No official vendor patch is listed in the NVD entry or referenced advisories at the time of publication. Operators should monitor code-projects.org and the GitHub CVE Issue Tracker for fixes. As an interim remediation, modify voters_row.php to use parameterized queries (PDO prepared statements or mysqli_prepare) and cast the ID value to an integer before query construction.

Workarounds

Replace dynamic SQL concatenation in voters_row.php with prepared statements that bind the ID parameter as an integer.
Apply server-side input validation that rejects non-numeric values for ID before reaching database logic.
Remove or disable the affected administrative endpoint if it is not required for production operation.

bash

# Example WAF rule (ModSecurity) to block SQLi attempts on the affected endpoint
SecRule REQUEST_URI "@contains /admin/voters_row.php" \
  "chain,phase:2,deny,status:403,id:1007557,msg:'CVE-2025-7557 SQLi attempt'"
  SecRule ARGS:ID "@rx (?i)(union|select|sleep\(|--|';|/\*)" "t:none,t:urlDecode"