CVE-2025-7414: Tenda O3 Firmware RCE Vulnerability

CVE-2025-7414 Overview

CVE-2025-7414 is an operating system command injection vulnerability in the Tenda O3V2 wireless bridge running firmware version 1.0.0.12(3880). The flaw resides in the fromNetToolGet function within the /goform/setPingInfo endpoint of the httpd component. Attackers can manipulate the domain argument to inject arbitrary operating system commands. The vulnerability is reachable over the network and the exploit details have been publicly disclosed. The weakness is categorized under CWE-77, Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command.

Critical Impact

Authenticated remote attackers can execute arbitrary commands on affected Tenda O3V2 devices through the diagnostic ping interface, potentially achieving full device compromise.

Affected Products

• Tenda O3 hardware version 2.0
• Tenda O3 firmware version 1.0.0.12(3880)
• httpd component handling /goform/setPingInfo

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-07-10 - CVE-2025-7414 published to NVD
• 2026-04-29 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-7414

Vulnerability Analysis

The Tenda O3V2 web management interface exposes a network diagnostic feature backed by the fromNetToolGet handler. When a client submits a request to /goform/setPingInfo, the handler reads the domain parameter and passes it to an operating system shell utility, typically ping. The parameter is not sanitized or validated before being incorporated into the command line.

Attackers append shell metacharacters such as semicolons, backticks, or command substitution syntax to the domain value. The shell then interprets the injected payload as a separate command. Because the httpd process on consumer routers commonly runs as root, injected commands execute with elevated privileges on the device.

The EPSS probability score is approximately 5.74%, placing this issue in the 90th percentile for likelihood of exploitation activity. The exploit technique has been documented publicly on GitHub, lowering the barrier for opportunistic attackers scanning for exposed Tenda devices.

Root Cause

The root cause is missing input neutralization in the fromNetToolGet function. The domain argument is concatenated directly into a shell command string without escaping, allowlisting, or use of an exec-style API that bypasses the shell. This is a classic [CWE-77] command injection pattern in embedded web servers.

Attack Vector

The attack is delivered over HTTP to the device management interface. An attacker with low-privileged access to the web UI sends a crafted POST request to /goform/setPingInfo containing a domain value with embedded shell separators. If the management interface is reachable from the WAN or a hostile LAN segment, exploitation requires only network access and valid low-tier credentials.

The vulnerability mechanism is documented in the public GitHub Vulnerability Report and the corresponding GitHub PoC Document. No verified exploit code is reproduced here.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-7414

Indicators of Compromise

• HTTP POST requests to /goform/setPingInfo containing shell metacharacters such as ;, |, &, `, or $( in the domain parameter.
• Outbound connections from the Tenda O3V2 device to attacker-controlled hosts shortly after diagnostic requests.
• Unexpected processes spawned by the httpd binary on the embedded device.

Detection Strategies

• Inspect web server access logs and upstream proxy logs for requests targeting /goform/setPingInfo with non-domain characters in the domain field.
• Deploy network intrusion detection signatures matching shell injection payloads against Tenda goform endpoints.
• Correlate management interface activity with anomalous outbound traffic from the router to identify post-exploitation callbacks.

Monitoring Recommendations

• Restrict and monitor administrative access to the Tenda O3V2 web interface, alerting on any access from non-management network segments.
• Capture and review syslog output from the device for unusual command execution or service restarts.
• Track firmware version and configuration drift across the Tenda O3V2 fleet to identify untrusted changes.

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-7414

Immediate Actions Required

• Remove the Tenda O3V2 management interface from any WAN-facing exposure and restrict access to a dedicated management VLAN.
• Rotate administrative credentials and disable any unused low-privilege accounts that could be used to reach /goform/setPingInfo.
• Review device logs for prior access to the diagnostic ping endpoint and validate device integrity.

Patch Information

At the time of publication, no vendor advisory or fixed firmware release has been linked in the NVD record. Administrators should monitor the Tenda Official Website for firmware updates and consult VulDB #315874 for tracking updates to this issue.

Workarounds

• Block external access to TCP ports serving the httpd management interface using upstream firewall rules.
• Disable remote management on the Tenda O3V2 and require on-link administration only.
• If the device is no longer maintained, plan replacement with a supported wireless bridge product.

# Example upstream firewall rule restricting access to the Tenda management UI
iptables -A FORWARD -p tcp --dport 80 -d <tenda_o3v2_ip> \
  ! -s <management_subnet> -j DROP
iptables -A FORWARD -p tcp --dport 443 -d <tenda_o3v2_ip> \
  ! -s <management_subnet> -j DROP