CVE-2025-7121: Campcodes Complaint Management SQLi Flaw

CVE-2025-7121 Overview

CVE-2025-7121 is a SQL injection vulnerability in Campcodes Complaint Management System 1.0. The flaw resides in /users/complaint-details.php, where the cid parameter is passed to the backend database without proper sanitization. Remote attackers can manipulate the cid argument to inject arbitrary SQL statements. The issue is classified under CWE-74 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component). A public proof-of-concept has been disclosed, increasing the likelihood of opportunistic exploitation against exposed deployments.

Critical Impact
Authenticated remote attackers can inject SQL queries through the cid parameter to read, modify, or exfiltrate complaint records stored in the application database.

Affected Products

Campcodes Complaint Management System 1.0
Component: /users/complaint-details.php
CPE: cpe:2.3:a:campcodes:complaint_management_system:1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

Discovery Timeline

2025-07-07 - CVE-2025-7121 published to NVD
2026-04-29 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-7121

Vulnerability Analysis

The vulnerability exists in the complaint-details.php script located under the /users/ directory of the Campcodes Complaint Management System. The script accepts a cid (complaint ID) query parameter and concatenates the value into a SQL statement without parameterization or input validation. An authenticated user with low privileges can submit crafted input to break out of the intended query context. Successful exploitation yields read and limited write access to the underlying database. The exposure includes complaint records, user information, and any other tables reachable through the same database account.

Root Cause

The root cause is improper neutralization of user-supplied input passed to a downstream SQL interpreter [CWE-74]. The cid parameter is interpolated directly into a SQL query string rather than bound through prepared statements. Without server-side type enforcement or input filtering, attacker-controlled metacharacters change the query's syntax tree. This is a recurring pattern in PHP applications that rely on mysqli_query or similar APIs with concatenated input.

Attack Vector

The attack is initiated remotely over the network against the application's HTTP interface. The attacker authenticates with low privileges, then sends a request to /users/complaint-details.php?cid=<payload> containing SQL syntax such as UNION SELECT statements or boolean-based blind injection patterns. The application returns query results or behavioral differences that confirm injection. Public proof-of-concept material is referenced in the GitHub PoC Issue Discussion and the VulDB CTI ID #315033 entry.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-7121

Indicators of Compromise

HTTP requests to /users/complaint-details.php containing SQL metacharacters such as ', --, UNION, SELECT, or SLEEP( in the cid parameter
Web server access logs showing repeated requests to complaint-details.php with abnormally long or encoded cid values
Database error messages returned to the client containing MySQL syntax warnings
Sudden spikes in query latency consistent with time-based blind SQL injection probing

Detection Strategies

Deploy web application firewall rules that match SQL injection signatures against the cid parameter on the affected endpoint
Enable database query logging and alert on queries originating from complaint-details.php that contain UNION, INFORMATION_SCHEMA, or stacked statements
Correlate authentication events with subsequent injection attempts to identify low-privileged accounts being abused

Monitoring Recommendations

Forward web server and database logs to a centralized analytics platform and apply detections for SQL injection patterns against PHP endpoints
Monitor outbound database connections for unexpected schema enumeration activity such as repeated INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES reads
Track HTTP 500 responses from complaint-details.php as a proxy for injection attempts that trigger query errors

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-7121

Immediate Actions Required

Restrict network access to the Campcodes Complaint Management System until a vendor patch is applied or custom remediation is deployed
Audit existing user accounts and revoke unnecessary low-privileged accounts that could be leveraged to reach the vulnerable endpoint
Review database and web server logs for prior exploitation attempts referencing /users/complaint-details.php
Rotate database credentials if any indicators of compromise are identified

Patch Information

No official vendor patch is referenced in the CVE record at the time of publication. Operators should monitor the Campcodes website for updates. Until a fix is released, apply compensating controls such as input validation, parameterized queries, and WAF filtering at the application layer.

Workarounds

Modify complaint-details.php to cast cid to an integer using intval($_GET['cid']) before use in any SQL statement
Replace concatenated queries with prepared statements using mysqli or PDO bound parameters
Place the application behind a web application firewall with SQL injection rule sets enabled for the /users/ path
Apply the principle of least privilege to the database account used by the application, removing write or schema rights where not required

bash

# Example WAF rule (ModSecurity) blocking SQLi patterns on the vulnerable endpoint
SecRule REQUEST_URI "@beginsWith /users/complaint-details.php" \
  "phase:2,deny,status:403,id:1007121,\
   chain,msg:'CVE-2025-7121 SQLi attempt on cid parameter'"
  SecRule ARGS:cid "@rx (?i)(union|select|sleep\(|--|';|/\*)" "t:none,t:urlDecodeUni"