CVE-2025-63525: Blood Bank System Privilege Escalation

CVE-2025-63525 Overview

CVE-2025-63525 is a high-severity privilege escalation vulnerability discovered in Blood Bank Management System version 1.0. The vulnerability allows authenticated attackers to perform actions with escalated privileges by crafting malicious requests to the delete.php endpoint. This broken access control flaw enables low-privileged users to execute administrative functions, potentially compromising the integrity and availability of the entire blood bank management system.

Critical Impact

Authenticated attackers can escalate privileges to perform unauthorized administrative actions, potentially leading to data manipulation, unauthorized deletions, and full system compromise with a CVSS score of 8.8.

Affected Products

• Shridharshukl Blood Bank Management System 1.0
• Blood Bank Management System (all installations of version 1.0)
• Systems running cpe:2.3:a:shridharshukl:blood_bank_management_system:1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-12-01 - CVE-2025-63525 published to NVD
• 2025-12-02 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-63525

Vulnerability Analysis

This vulnerability is classified as a Privilege Escalation issue stemming from Broken Access Control in the Blood Bank Management System. The CVSS v3.1 vector CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H indicates:

• Attack Vector (AV:N): Network-accessible, exploitable remotely
• Attack Complexity (AC:L): Low complexity, no special conditions required
• Privileges Required (PR:L): Low-level authentication needed (any authenticated user)
• User Interaction (UI:N): No user interaction required
• Scope (S:U): Unchanged, limited to vulnerable component
• Impact: High confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact

The EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) indicates a probability of 0.032% with a percentile ranking of 8.613, suggesting relatively low but non-negligible exploitation likelihood in the wild.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability lies in inadequate authorization checks within the delete.php script. The application fails to properly validate whether the authenticated user has sufficient privileges to perform deletion operations. This missing authorization verification allows any authenticated user to execute administrative-level delete functions by directly accessing or manipulating requests to the vulnerable endpoint.

The application appears to rely solely on authentication state without implementing proper role-based access control (RBAC) or permission verification before executing sensitive operations.

Attack Vector

The attack exploits the lack of proper authorization controls in the delete.php endpoint. An attacker with low-level credentials can craft HTTP requests targeting this endpoint to perform privileged operations.

The vulnerability manifests in the delete functionality where the application fails to verify the user's role or permissions before processing the request. An authenticated attacker can directly invoke administrative delete operations by sending crafted requests to the delete.php endpoint. For detailed technical analysis and proof-of-concept information, refer to the external references at:

• https://github.com/kiwi865/CVEs/blob/main/CVE-2025-63525.md

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-63525

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual or unauthorized DELETE operations in application logs from low-privileged user accounts
• HTTP requests to delete.php from users without administrative roles
• Anomalous access patterns to administrative endpoints from standard user sessions
• Audit log entries showing privilege escalation attempts or unauthorized data modifications

Detection Strategies

Organizations should implement the following detection strategies:

1. Web Application Firewall (WAF) Rules: Configure rules to monitor and alert on requests to delete.php that originate from non-administrative user sessions
2. Log Analysis: Review web server access logs for requests to the delete endpoint, correlating with user session data to identify privilege violations
3. Behavioral Analytics: Deploy solutions that can identify anomalous user behavior, particularly when standard users attempt administrative operations
4. Database Audit Logs: Monitor database transaction logs for DELETE statements executed in the context of the blood bank application that don't align with expected user permissions

Monitoring Recommendations

• Enable detailed access logging for all PHP endpoints, particularly delete.php
• Implement session tracking to correlate user roles with accessed endpoints
• Configure alerting for any access to administrative functions by non-admin users
• Deploy endpoint detection and response (EDR) solutions to monitor for post-exploitation activities
• SentinelOne Singularity platform can provide real-time visibility into application-level attacks and privilege escalation attempts through behavioral AI analysis

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-63525

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict access to delete.php through web server configuration (e.g., IP whitelisting for admin functions)
• Implement additional authentication requirements for administrative operations pending a permanent fix
• Review and audit all user accounts and their privilege levels
• Consider temporarily disabling the delete functionality until proper access controls are implemented
• Monitor all access logs for signs of exploitation

Patch Information

As of the last NVD update on 2025-12-02, no official vendor patch has been released. The Blood Bank Management System is maintained at the GitHub repository: https://github.com/Shridharshukl/Blood-Bank-Management-System

Organizations should:

• Monitor the vendor's GitHub repository for security updates
• Consider implementing custom patches to add authorization checks
• Evaluate alternative solutions if the vendor does not provide timely remediation

Workarounds

Until an official patch is available, implement server-level access controls to restrict access to sensitive endpoints:

# Apache .htaccess configuration to restrict delete.php access
<Files "delete.php">
    # Restrict to specific IP addresses (admin network only)
    Require ip 10.0.0.0/8
    Require ip 192.168.1.0/24
    
    # Or use HTTP Basic Auth as additional layer
    AuthType Basic
    AuthName "Administrative Access Required"
    AuthUserFile /path/to/.htpasswd
    Require valid-user
</Files>

Additionally, implement application-level fixes by adding authorization checks in the PHP code to verify user roles before processing delete requests. Consider deploying SentinelOne's Singularity platform for real-time detection and response capabilities to identify and block exploitation attempts targeting this vulnerability.