CVE-2025-5611: Codeastro Real Estate SQLi Vulnerability

CVE-2025-5611 Overview

CVE-2025-5611 is a SQL injection vulnerability in CodeAstro Real Estate Management System 1.0. The flaw exists in the /submitpropertyupdate.php script, where the ID parameter is passed to the database without proper sanitization. Remote attackers can manipulate this parameter to inject arbitrary SQL statements. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and is documented in VulDB entry #311097. The weakness is categorized under [CWE-74] (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component).

Critical Impact
Authenticated remote attackers can manipulate the ID parameter in /submitpropertyupdate.php to execute arbitrary SQL queries against the backend database, leading to data disclosure, modification, or deletion.

Affected Products

CodeAstro Real Estate Management System 1.0
Vendor: CodeAstro
CPE: cpe:2.3:a:codeastro:real_estate_management_system:1.0

Discovery Timeline

2025-06-04 - CVE-2025-5611 published to NVD
2025-06-10 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-5611

Vulnerability Analysis

The vulnerability resides in the /submitpropertyupdate.php endpoint of the CodeAstro Real Estate Management System. The script accepts an ID argument from the HTTP request and concatenates it directly into a SQL statement. Because the input is not validated, sanitized, or parameterized, an attacker can append SQL syntax to alter the query logic.

The attack requires network access and low-level privileges, but no user interaction. Successful exploitation allows extraction of database records, modification of property listings, and potential authentication bypass through manipulated query results. The EPSS score is 0.361%, placing it in the 27.77th percentile for exploitation likelihood.

Root Cause

The root cause is unsanitized user input flowing into a SQL query string. The submitpropertyupdate.php handler builds its UPDATE statement using string concatenation rather than prepared statements with bound parameters. This pattern, classified under [CWE-74], permits attacker-controlled metacharacters such as single quotes, semicolons, and comment markers to terminate the intended query and append new clauses.

Attack Vector

An attacker sends an HTTP request to /submitpropertyupdate.php with a crafted ID value containing SQL syntax. Typical payloads use UNION SELECT statements to exfiltrate data from arbitrary tables or boolean-based blind techniques to enumerate the schema. Because the attack is remote and requires only low privileges, automated scanners and SQLMap-style tooling can identify and exploit the issue at scale. See the GitHub CVE Analysis for technical proof-of-concept details.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-5611

Indicators of Compromise

HTTP requests to /submitpropertyupdate.php containing SQL metacharacters such as ', --, UNION, or SLEEP( in the ID parameter.
Web server access logs showing unusually long or URL-encoded values in the ID query string.
Database error messages or 500 responses correlated with malformed ID values.
Unexpected UPDATE or SELECT queries in MySQL general or slow query logs referencing property tables.

Detection Strategies

Deploy web application firewall rules that inspect the ID parameter for SQL injection signatures on requests to /submitpropertyupdate.php.
Enable database query logging and alert on queries containing concatenated user input patterns or UNION-based clauses.
Correlate authentication events with successive failed and successful login attempts following suspicious submitpropertyupdate.php traffic.

Monitoring Recommendations

Monitor outbound traffic from the application server for unexpected data volumes that may indicate database exfiltration.
Track changes to property records and user accounts for unauthorized modifications.
Forward web server and database logs to a centralized SIEM for retention and correlation analysis.

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-5611

Immediate Actions Required

Restrict access to /submitpropertyupdate.php using IP allowlisting or authentication controls until a patch is applied.
Deploy WAF signatures that block SQL injection payloads targeting the ID parameter.
Audit the database for unauthorized modifications and review user accounts for anomalies.
Rotate database credentials if exploitation is suspected.

Patch Information

No vendor-supplied patch is currently referenced in the NVD entry. Administrators should contact the vendor through the CodeAstro Security Resource for remediation guidance and apply any released updates promptly. Until a patch is available, code-level fixes should replace string concatenation with parameterized queries using PDO or mysqli prepared statements.

Workarounds

Implement server-side input validation that rejects non-numeric values for the ID parameter before it reaches the database layer.
Apply principle of least privilege to the application's database account, removing unnecessary write or schema permissions.
Place the application behind a reverse proxy with SQL injection filtering rules enabled.
Disable verbose database error messages in PHP configuration to reduce information leakage during attack attempts.

bash

# Example PHP fix: replace concatenation with prepared statements
# Vulnerable pattern:
# $sql = "UPDATE property SET ... WHERE id = " . $_POST['ID'];

# Hardened pattern:
$stmt = $pdo->prepare("UPDATE property SET name = :name WHERE id = :id");
$stmt->bindValue(':id', (int)$_POST['ID'], PDO::PARAM_INT);
$stmt->bindValue(':name', $_POST['name'], PDO::PARAM_STR);
$stmt->execute();