CVE-2025-26617: Wegia Wegia SQL Injection Vulnerability

CVE-2025-26617 Overview

CVE-2025-26617 is a critical SQL Injection vulnerability discovered in WeGIA, an open source Web Manager for Institutions with a focus on Portuguese language users. The vulnerability exists in the historico_paciente.php endpoint, allowing attackers to execute arbitrary SQL queries without authentication. Successful exploitation could lead to unauthorized access to sensitive patient information and potentially full database compromise.

Critical Impact

This SQL Injection vulnerability allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary SQL queries, potentially exposing sensitive institutional and patient data, modifying database contents, or gaining complete control over the underlying database system.

Affected Products

• WeGIA versions prior to 3.2.14
• WeGIA Web Manager installations using the historico_paciente.php endpoint

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-02-18 - CVE-2025-26617 published to NVD
• 2025-02-28 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-26617

Vulnerability Analysis

This SQL Injection vulnerability (CWE-89) affects the historico_paciente.php endpoint in WeGIA. The flaw stems from improper neutralization of special elements used in SQL commands, allowing attackers to inject malicious SQL code through user-controllable input parameters. The vulnerability requires no authentication or user interaction to exploit, and can be triggered remotely over the network.

The impact is severe as successful exploitation grants attackers the ability to read, modify, or delete data from the database. Given the institutional nature of WeGIA and the affected endpoint name (historico_paciente.php - patient history), there is significant risk of sensitive patient data exposure. Additionally, depending on database configuration, attackers may be able to escalate from database access to operating system command execution.

Root Cause

The root cause of CVE-2025-26617 is insufficient input validation and lack of parameterized queries in the historico_paciente.php endpoint. User-supplied input is concatenated directly into SQL queries without proper sanitization or the use of prepared statements, enabling SQL Injection attacks.

Attack Vector

The vulnerability is exploited via network-based attacks targeting the historico_paciente.php endpoint. Attackers craft malicious HTTP requests containing SQL injection payloads in the vulnerable parameters. The attack requires no privileges and no user interaction, making it highly accessible to threat actors.

The attack mechanism involves injecting SQL syntax into input fields or URL parameters that are processed by historico_paciente.php. The injected code becomes part of the SQL query executed against the database, allowing attackers to manipulate query logic, extract data through UNION-based or blind SQL injection techniques, or execute administrative database operations.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-26617

Indicators of Compromise

• Unusual or malformed requests to the historico_paciente.php endpoint containing SQL syntax characters (', ", ;, --, UNION, SELECT)
• Unexpected database errors or verbose error messages in application logs
• Large volumes of data being extracted from the database by single sessions
• Database query logs showing suspicious SELECT statements or UNION-based queries

Detection Strategies

• Deploy Web Application Firewalls (WAF) with SQL Injection detection rules targeting common attack patterns
• Monitor application and web server logs for requests to historico_paciente.php containing SQL keywords or special characters
• Implement database activity monitoring to detect anomalous query patterns or unauthorized data access
• Use intrusion detection systems with signatures for SQL Injection attack payloads

Monitoring Recommendations

• Enable detailed logging for the historico_paciente.php endpoint and all database queries
• Set up alerts for failed database queries or SQL syntax errors that may indicate injection attempts
• Monitor for bulk data transfers or unusual database read patterns
• Implement real-time alerting for requests matching known SQL Injection signatures

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-26617

Immediate Actions Required

• Upgrade WeGIA to version 3.2.14 or later immediately
• If immediate patching is not possible, consider temporarily disabling access to the historico_paciente.php endpoint
• Implement WAF rules to block SQL Injection attempts targeting the vulnerable endpoint
• Review database logs for signs of prior exploitation

Patch Information

The WeGIA development team has addressed this vulnerability in version 3.2.14. All users are strongly advised to upgrade to this version or later. The security fix information is available in the GitHub Security Advisory GHSA-f654-c5r5-jx77.

Workarounds

• The vendor has stated there are no known workarounds for this vulnerability
• As a defense-in-depth measure, deploy a Web Application Firewall with SQL Injection protection
• Restrict network access to the WeGIA application to trusted IP addresses only
• Implement database user permissions with least privilege to limit potential damage from exploitation