CVE-2025-2418: TR7 Web Application Firewall Open Redirect

CVE-2025-2418 Overview

CVE-2025-2418 is a URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability discovered in TR7 Cyber Defense Inc. Web Application Firewall. This vulnerability allows attackers to redirect users to untrusted external sites, enabling phishing attacks. The flaw exists in versions 4.30 through 16022026 of the Web Application Firewall product.

The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way, raising concerns about the current patch status and ongoing exposure for organizations using this product.

Critical Impact
Attackers can leverage this open redirect vulnerability to conduct phishing campaigns by redirecting users through the trusted Web Application Firewall domain to malicious sites, potentially leading to credential theft or malware distribution.

Affected Products

TR7 Cyber Defense Inc. Web Application Firewall version 4.30
TR7 Cyber Defense Inc. Web Application Firewall versions through 16022026
All intermediate versions between 4.30 and 16022026

Discovery Timeline

2026-02-16 - CVE CVE-2025-2418 published to NVD
2026-02-18 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-2418

Vulnerability Analysis

This vulnerability is classified as CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect'). Open redirect vulnerabilities occur when a web application accepts user-controlled input that specifies a link to an external site and uses that input in a redirect operation. This allows attackers to craft malicious URLs that appear to originate from a trusted domain (in this case, the TR7 Web Application Firewall) but redirect victims to attacker-controlled sites.

The attack requires adjacent network access, meaning the attacker needs to be on the same network segment or have some level of network proximity to the target environment. However, no user interaction or special privileges are required to exploit this vulnerability, making it relatively straightforward for attackers within the network scope.

Root Cause

The root cause of this vulnerability lies in improper validation or sanitization of URL parameters used in redirect operations within the TR7 Web Application Firewall. The application fails to adequately verify that redirect targets point to trusted destinations before performing the redirect, allowing external URLs to be specified by attackers.

Attack Vector

The attack vector for CVE-2025-2418 requires adjacent network access. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by crafting a malicious URL that includes a redirect parameter pointing to an attacker-controlled phishing site. When a victim clicks on this link, they are first directed to the legitimate TR7 Web Application Firewall domain, which then automatically redirects them to the malicious destination.

This technique is particularly effective for phishing because the initial URL appears legitimate, displaying the trusted TR7 domain. Users may not notice when they are silently redirected to a fraudulent site that mimics legitimate login pages or other sensitive interfaces. The vulnerability can be chained with social engineering tactics to harvest credentials or distribute malware.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-2418

Indicators of Compromise

Unusual redirect patterns in web server logs showing external URLs in redirect parameters
URLs containing redirect=, url=, next=, or similar parameters pointing to external domains
User reports of unexpected redirects when accessing the Web Application Firewall interface
Phishing reports where the initial URL contains the TR7 WAF domain

Detection Strategies

Monitor HTTP request logs for redirect-related parameters containing external or suspicious URLs
Implement network monitoring rules to detect outbound redirects to newly registered or low-reputation domains
Deploy web proxy analysis to identify redirect chains originating from the TR7 WAF infrastructure
Configure SIEM rules to alert on abnormal redirect patterns from the affected application

Monitoring Recommendations

Enable verbose logging on the TR7 Web Application Firewall to capture all URL parameters
Implement real-time alerting for redirect operations containing external domain references
Review access logs regularly for patterns indicative of phishing URL distribution
Monitor threat intelligence feeds for campaigns targeting TR7 WAF deployments

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-2418

Immediate Actions Required

Review and restrict access to the TR7 Web Application Firewall management interfaces
Implement network segmentation to limit exposure of affected systems
Educate users about verifying final destination URLs before entering credentials
Consider implementing additional URL filtering or web proxy controls to block suspicious redirects

Patch Information

At the time of publication, the vendor (TR7 Cyber Defense Inc.) has not responded to disclosure attempts or released an official patch for this vulnerability. Organizations should monitor the USOM Security Advisory TR-26-0066 for updates and contact TR7 Cyber Defense Inc. directly for remediation guidance.

Workarounds

Implement web application firewall rules at the network perimeter to block or sanitize redirect parameters
Deploy reverse proxy configurations that validate redirect targets against an allowlist of trusted domains
Consider disabling or restricting redirect functionality if not business-critical
Use browser security extensions or endpoint protection that warns users about redirect chains to untrusted sites

bash

# Example: Block external redirects at the network level using iptables (conceptual)
# This approach requires careful tuning based on your specific environment
# Implement URL filtering rules in your existing network security infrastructure
# Contact TR7 Cyber Defense Inc. for vendor-specific mitigation guidance