CVE-2025-11590: Gym Management System SQLi Vulnerability

CVE-2025-11590 Overview

CVE-2025-11590 is a SQL injection vulnerability in CodeAstro Gym Management System 1.0. The flaw resides in the /admin/equipment-entry.php script, where the ename parameter is passed to a database query without proper sanitization. Authenticated attackers can manipulate this argument to inject arbitrary SQL statements over the network. Public exploit details have been disclosed, increasing the risk of opportunistic attacks against exposed installations. The issue is tracked under [CWE-89] (SQL Injection) and [CWE-74] (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements).

Critical Impact

Remote attackers with low-privilege admin access can execute arbitrary SQL queries against the backend database, potentially exposing or modifying stored gym member, equipment, and credential data.

Affected Products

• CodeAstro Gym Management System 1.0
• Component: /admin/equipment-entry.php
• CPE: cpe:2.3:a:codeastro:gym_management_system:1.0

Discovery Timeline

• 2025-10-11 - CVE-2025-11590 published to NVD
• 2026-04-29 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-11590

Vulnerability Analysis

The vulnerability exists in the equipment entry administrative interface of CodeAstro Gym Management System 1.0. The equipment-entry.php script accepts user-supplied input through the ename parameter and concatenates it directly into a SQL statement. Because the application does not use parameterized queries or input validation, attackers can break out of the intended query context and append additional SQL syntax. The attack requires network access to the administrative interface and a low-privilege authenticated session.

Successful exploitation allows reading, modifying, or deleting records in the underlying database. Depending on database privileges, attackers may also extract administrative credentials or escalate access within the application. Public discussion of the issue has appeared on community vulnerability trackers, which raises the likelihood of automated scanning against internet-exposed installations.

Root Cause

The root cause is improper neutralization of special elements used in a SQL command [CWE-89]. The application concatenates the ename HTTP parameter into a database query string without prepared statements, parameter binding, or escape routines. Any single quote, semicolon, or SQL keyword supplied by the attacker is interpreted by the database engine.

Attack Vector

An authenticated attacker sends a crafted HTTP request to /admin/equipment-entry.php containing malicious SQL payloads in the ename field. Common techniques include UNION-based extraction to read arbitrary tables, boolean-based blind injection to enumerate schema, and stacked queries where the database driver permits them. The vulnerability is reachable remotely and does not require user interaction beyond the attacker's session.

Further technical context is available in the GitHub Issue CVE Discussion and VulDB entry #327911.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-11590

Indicators of Compromise

• HTTP POST or GET requests to /admin/equipment-entry.php containing SQL meta-characters such as ', --, UNION SELECT, or OR 1=1 in the ename parameter.
• Unexpected database errors logged by the PHP application referencing the equipment entry workflow.
• New or modified administrative accounts in the gym management database without corresponding legitimate activity.

Detection Strategies

• Inspect web server access logs for anomalous ename parameter values, particularly long strings or encoded SQL syntax.
• Deploy a web application firewall ruleset that flags SQL injection patterns against the /admin/ path.
• Enable database query logging and alert on syntactically unusual queries originating from the application user.

Monitoring Recommendations

• Continuously monitor authentication events for the admin panel and correlate with requests to equipment-related endpoints.
• Track outbound database connections and large result sets that could indicate data exfiltration via UNION-based injection.
• Forward web and database logs to a centralized analytics platform for retention and correlation across sessions.

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-11590

Immediate Actions Required

• Restrict network access to the /admin/ directory using IP allow-lists or VPN gating until a vendor fix is available.
• Audit administrative accounts and rotate credentials, since the issue requires authenticated access and may have been abused.
• Review database contents for unauthorized modifications to equipment, member, or user tables.

Patch Information

No vendor patch has been published in the references available at the time of writing. Users should monitor the CodeAstro website and the VulDB advisory for updated guidance. Until a fix is released, organizations should consider replacing or isolating the affected application.

Workarounds

• Place the application behind a web application firewall configured to block SQL injection signatures targeting the ename parameter.
• Apply manual code hardening to equipment-entry.php by replacing string concatenation with prepared statements using PDO or mysqli parameter binding.
• Enforce least-privilege database accounts so the application user cannot read sensitive system tables or execute administrative SQL commands.
• Disable the equipment entry feature if it is not in active use.