CVE-2025-11589: Codeastro Gym Management System SQLi Flaw

CVE-2025-11589 Overview

CVE-2025-11589 is a SQL injection vulnerability in CodeAstro Gym Management System 1.0. The flaw resides in the /admin/user-payment.php script, where the plan parameter is passed to a backend database query without proper sanitization. An authenticated remote attacker can manipulate this parameter to inject arbitrary SQL statements. The issue is tracked under [CWE-89] (SQL Injection) and [CWE-74] (Injection). Public exploit details have been released, increasing the likelihood of opportunistic abuse against exposed deployments.

Critical Impact
Remote attackers with low-privilege access can inject SQL through the plan parameter in /admin/user-payment.php, potentially exposing or modifying payment and user data.

Affected Products

CodeAstro Gym Management System 1.0
Deployments using the /admin/user-payment.php endpoint
Installations exposing the admin panel to untrusted networks

Discovery Timeline

2025-10-10 - CVE-2025-11589 published to NVD
2026-04-29 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2025-11589

Vulnerability Analysis

The vulnerability is a remote SQL injection in the admin payment workflow of CodeAstro Gym Management System 1.0. The script /admin/user-payment.php accepts a plan argument from HTTP request input and concatenates the value into an SQL statement executed against the application database. Because the input is not validated, parameterized, or escaped, attacker-supplied SQL syntax is interpreted by the database engine. Successful exploitation can yield read or write access to payment records, user account data, and other tables accessible to the application database user.

Root Cause

The root cause is improper neutralization of special elements used in an SQL command. The application builds queries through string concatenation rather than using prepared statements with bound parameters. Any request that supplies the plan parameter is treated as trusted input, allowing classic injection payloads such as boolean-based, UNION-based, or time-based variants to alter query logic.

Attack Vector

The attack is delivered over the network against the administrative interface. The attacker requires low-privilege authentication to reach /admin/user-payment.php, then submits a crafted plan value within the request. No user interaction is required beyond authenticating to the application. Because exploit details are publicly available, automated scanners can identify and abuse vulnerable instances reachable from the internet.

No verified proof-of-concept code is published in the referenced sources. Refer to the GitHub CVE Issue #2 and VulDB #327910 entries for additional technical context.

Detection Methods for CVE-2025-11589

Indicators of Compromise

HTTP requests to /admin/user-payment.php containing SQL metacharacters such as single quotes, UNION, SLEEP(, or comment sequences (--, #) in the plan parameter.
Unexpected database errors, long response times, or HTTP 500 responses generated by the user-payment endpoint.
Web server access logs showing repeated parameter probing from a single source against the admin path.

Detection Strategies

Deploy web application firewall signatures that inspect the plan query and POST parameter for SQL syntax before it reaches the application.
Enable database query logging and alert on anomalous statements originating from the gym management application user, such as queries referencing information_schema or stacked statements.
Correlate authentication logs with admin endpoint access to identify low-privilege accounts probing payment functionality.

Monitoring Recommendations

Continuously monitor outbound database traffic for volumetric spikes consistent with data exfiltration via UNION-based extraction.
Track failed and successful logins to the admin console, flagging accounts that pivot quickly to /admin/user-payment.php.
Review backup and audit trails for unexplained modifications to payment or membership tables.

How to Mitigate CVE-2025-11589

Immediate Actions Required

Restrict network access to the /admin/ path using IP allow-listing or VPN-only access until a vendor fix is verified.
Rotate credentials for any administrative accounts that have authenticated to vulnerable instances.
Audit the database for unauthorized records, modified payment entries, or new admin users.

Patch Information

No vendor security advisory or patched release for CodeAstro Gym Management System 1.0 is listed in the available references. Operators should contact CodeAstro through the CodeAstro Security Insights site to confirm remediation availability and follow VulDB submission #671736 for updates.

Workarounds

Apply a virtual patch at the WAF layer that rejects plan parameter values containing non-alphanumeric characters or known SQL tokens.
Modify /admin/user-payment.php to use prepared statements with bound parameters for the plan value if source access is available.
Enforce least-privilege on the database account used by the application, removing FILE, CREATE, and cross-database privileges that amplify injection impact.
Temporarily disable the user payment administrative function if it is not in active use.

bash

# Example WAF rule (ModSecurity) restricting the plan parameter to digits
SecRule ARGS:plan "!@rx ^[0-9]{1,6}$" \
    "id:1015589,phase:2,deny,status:403,\
    msg:'CVE-2025-11589 - blocked non-numeric plan parameter'"