CVE-2025-11588 Overview
CVE-2025-11588 is a SQL injection vulnerability in CodeAstro Gym Management System 1.0. The flaw resides in the /customer/index.php script, where the fullname parameter is passed to a database query without proper sanitization. Remote attackers with low-level privileges can manipulate this parameter to inject arbitrary SQL statements. The exploit details have been disclosed publicly, increasing the likelihood of opportunistic abuse against exposed deployments. The issue is tracked under [CWE-89] (SQL Injection) and [CWE-74] (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output).
Critical Impact
Authenticated remote attackers can inject SQL through the fullname parameter in /customer/index.php, potentially exposing or modifying gym customer database records.
Affected Products
- CodeAstro Gym Management System 1.0
- Component: /customer/index.php
- Vulnerable parameter: fullname
Discovery Timeline
- 2025-10-10 - CVE-2025-11588 published to NVD
- 2026-04-29 - Last updated in NVD database
Technical Details for CVE-2025-11588
Vulnerability Analysis
The vulnerability exists in the customer-facing component of CodeAstro Gym Management System 1.0. The /customer/index.php endpoint accepts a fullname argument and incorporates it directly into a back-end SQL query. Because the application fails to apply parameterized queries or input sanitization, attacker-controlled SQL syntax is executed by the database engine.
An attacker can manipulate the query logic to extract, modify, or delete records stored by the gym management application. Depending on database privileges, this may include member profiles, authentication data, and billing fields. The attack requires network access and a low-privileged authenticated session, and a public proof-of-concept has been referenced through VulDB #327909 and the GitHub CVE Issue Tracker. The current EPSS probability is 0.304%.
Root Cause
The root cause is improper neutralization of special elements used in an SQL command [CWE-89]. The fullname input flows from an HTTP request into a SQL statement without prepared statements, parameter binding, or escaping. Any single quote, comment marker, or UNION-style payload supplied by the attacker becomes part of the executed query.
Attack Vector
The attack is remote and network-based. An attacker authenticates as a customer-level user, then submits a crafted fullname value to /customer/index.php. The payload typically uses boolean-based, error-based, or UNION SELECT techniques to read arbitrary columns from the underlying database. No social engineering or user interaction is required for exploitation.
Verified code examples are not available for this CVE. Refer to the GitHub CVE Issue Tracker and VulDB CTI ID #327909 for disclosure details.
Detection Methods for CVE-2025-11588
Indicators of Compromise
- HTTP POST or GET requests to /customer/index.php containing SQL metacharacters such as ', --, UNION, SELECT, or SLEEP( within the fullname parameter.
- Web server logs showing repeated requests to /customer/index.php from a single source with varying fullname payloads.
- Database error messages or unusually long query response times correlated with customer page activity.
Detection Strategies
- Deploy web application firewall (WAF) rules that inspect the fullname parameter for SQL injection signatures.
- Enable database query logging to identify malformed or unexpected queries originating from the application's customer module.
- Correlate authenticated customer sessions with anomalous request patterns targeting /customer/index.php.
Monitoring Recommendations
- Monitor outbound traffic from the database host for unexpected data egress that may indicate exfiltration.
- Alert on HTTP 500 errors and database exception traces emitted from the gym management application.
- Track failed and successful login activity for customer accounts that subsequently issue suspicious requests.
How to Mitigate CVE-2025-11588
Immediate Actions Required
- Restrict network exposure of the CodeAstro Gym Management System 1.0 to trusted networks or behind a VPN until a fix is available.
- Deploy WAF rules to block SQL injection patterns targeting the fullname parameter of /customer/index.php.
- Reduce the database account's privileges so the application cannot execute administrative SQL operations.
Patch Information
No vendor patch is currently referenced in the NVD entry or in the linked advisories. Administrators should monitor the CodeAstro vendor site and the VulDB advisory for updated remediation guidance.
Workarounds
- Apply server-side input validation that rejects non-alphanumeric characters in the fullname field before it reaches database logic.
- Modify the affected query to use parameterized statements or prepared queries through the database driver in use.
- Place the application behind an authenticating reverse proxy to limit access to known customers and reduce the attack surface.
# Example ModSecurity rule to block SQLi attempts in the fullname parameter
SecRule ARGS:fullname "@rx (?i)(\bunion\b.*\bselect\b|--|;|\bsleep\s*\(|\bor\b\s+1=1)" \
"id:1015880,phase:2,deny,status:403,log,msg:'CVE-2025-11588 SQLi attempt in fullname'"
Disclaimer: This content was generated using AI. While we strive for accuracy, please verify critical information with official sources.
