CVE-2024-39399 Overview
CVE-2024-39399 is a path traversal vulnerability affecting Adobe Commerce and Magento Open Source. The flaw exists in versions 2.4.7-p1, 2.4.6-p6, 2.4.5-p8, 2.4.4-p9 and earlier releases. It is classified under [CWE-22] as an Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory.
A low-privileged authenticated attacker can exploit this vulnerability to read arbitrary files from the underlying file system. Exploitation requires no user interaction and results in a scope change, allowing access to resources outside the vulnerable component's security boundary.
Critical Impact
Authenticated attackers can read sensitive files outside the intended directory, exposing configuration files, credentials, and application source code hosted on Adobe Commerce and Magento Open Source deployments.
Affected Products
- Adobe Commerce 2.4.7-p1 and earlier
- Adobe Commerce 2.4.6-p6, 2.4.5-p8, 2.4.4-p9 and earlier patch levels
- Magento Open Source (equivalent versions)
Discovery Timeline
- 2024-08-14 - CVE-2024-39399 published to NVD
- 2026-06-17 - Last updated in NVD database
Technical Details for CVE-2024-39399
Vulnerability Analysis
The vulnerability stems from improper validation of user-supplied path components in Adobe Commerce and Magento Open Source. Attackers can supply traversal sequences such as ../ to escape the intended restricted directory. The result is arbitrary file system read access from an authenticated but low-privileged context.
The issue affects confidentiality only, with no direct impact on integrity or availability. However, the scope change indicates the vulnerable component can access resources managed by a different security authority. Exposed data may include database configuration files like app/etc/env.php, cryptographic keys, and server-side credentials.
The EPSS probability for this issue is 0.911%, indicating measurable interest from opportunistic scanners targeting e-commerce platforms.
Root Cause
The root cause is insufficient sanitization of pathname inputs before they reach file system read operations. The application fails to canonicalize paths and enforce directory boundaries. This allows relative traversal sequences to reach files outside the intended scope defined for the caller's role.
Attack Vector
The attack originates over the network and requires a valid authenticated session with low privileges. Adobe Commerce administrative accounts, customer-facing roles, or API tokens with limited scope may satisfy the precondition. The attacker submits a crafted request containing directory traversal payloads targeting file-handling endpoints.
Refer to the Adobe Magento Security Advisory APSB24-61 for vendor guidance on affected endpoints and remediation.
Detection Methods for CVE-2024-39399
Indicators of Compromise
- HTTP requests containing directory traversal sequences (../, ..%2f, %2e%2e/) targeting Adobe Commerce endpoints
- Access log entries showing authenticated requests to file-handling APIs referencing paths outside the web root
- Unexpected reads of sensitive files such as app/etc/env.php, /etc/passwd, or private key files
- Anomalous file access patterns originating from low-privileged Commerce user accounts
Detection Strategies
- Deploy web application firewall (WAF) rules to inspect request parameters for encoded and unencoded path traversal patterns
- Correlate authenticated Commerce session activity with file system access telemetry from the underlying host
- Baseline normal file access by the Adobe Commerce PHP process and alert on deviations that reach outside document root
Monitoring Recommendations
- Enable verbose access logging on the Adobe Commerce web tier and forward logs to a centralized analytics platform
- Monitor PHP-FPM and web server processes for reads of configuration files outside the application's expected scope
- Track authentication events for low-privileged accounts followed by unusual API or file-serving endpoint calls
How to Mitigate CVE-2024-39399
Immediate Actions Required
- Apply the Adobe security patches referenced in APSB24-61 to all affected Adobe Commerce and Magento Open Source instances
- Audit administrator and API user accounts, revoking unnecessary low-privileged access to storefront and admin APIs
- Rotate cryptographic keys, database credentials, and API tokens that may have been readable through the vulnerable code path
Patch Information
Adobe released fixes as part of security bulletin APSB24-61. Upgrade to patched releases beyond 2.4.7-p1, 2.4.6-p6, 2.4.5-p8, and 2.4.4-p9. Consult the Adobe Magento Security Advisory for the specific patched build corresponding to your deployment channel.
Workarounds
- Restrict access to Adobe Commerce administrative and API endpoints using IP allowlisting until patches are applied
- Deploy WAF signatures that block path traversal sequences in query strings, form data, and URL segments
- Enforce least privilege on the operating system account running PHP-FPM to reduce readable files if traversal succeeds
# Example WAF rule pattern (ModSecurity) to block traversal attempts
SecRule REQUEST_URI|ARGS "@rx (?:\.{2}[\\/]|%2e%2e(?:%2f|%5c)|\.\./)" \
"id:1003999,phase:2,deny,status:403,msg:'Path traversal attempt blocked (CVE-2024-39399)'"
Disclaimer: This content was generated using AI. While we strive for accuracy, please verify critical information with official sources.
