CVE-2026-47045: Oracle Database JDBC Auth Bypass Flaw

CVE-2026-47045 Overview

CVE-2026-47045 is a vulnerability in the Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) component of Oracle Database Server. The flaw affects Oracle Database versions 19.3-19.31, 21.3-21.22, and 23.4.0-23.26.2. An attacker with high privileges and network access via Oracle Net can compromise the JDBC component. Successful exploitation requires user interaction from a person other than the attacker. The vulnerability is classified as a URL Redirection to Untrusted Site [CWE-601] issue and can lead to full takeover of JDBC, impacting confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

Critical Impact
Successful exploitation results in takeover of the JDBC component, exposing sensitive data and enabling manipulation of database client connections.

Affected Products

Oracle Database Server JDBC component, versions 19.3 through 19.31
Oracle Database Server JDBC component, versions 21.3 through 21.22
Oracle Database Server JDBC component, versions 23.4.0 through 23.26.2

Discovery Timeline

2026-07-21 - CVE-2026-47045 published to the National Vulnerability Database
2026-07-23 - Last updated in NVD database

Technical Details for CVE-2026-47045

Vulnerability Analysis

The vulnerability resides in the JDBC component of Oracle Database Server, which handles Java-based client connections to Oracle databases over Oracle Net. The weakness is categorized as an Open Redirect [CWE-601], where the component accepts input that controls a destination URL or connection target without sufficient validation. An authenticated attacker with high privileges can craft input that redirects a legitimate user or process to an attacker-controlled endpoint. Because exploitation requires user interaction, the attacker typically relies on social engineering to convince a victim to trigger the vulnerable code path. Successful attacks result in complete compromise of the JDBC component, including confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data handled by that component.

Root Cause

The root cause is improper validation of a URL or connection endpoint processed by the JDBC component. When the component receives attacker-influenced destination data, it forwards or connects without verifying that the target is trusted. This behavior falls under CWE-601, URL Redirection to Untrusted Site, and enables adversaries to steer JDBC operations to malicious endpoints.

Attack Vector

Exploitation occurs over the network via Oracle Net. The attacker must already hold high privileges within the environment and must convince another user to perform an action that triggers the redirection. Verified code examples are not publicly available at this time. Refer to the Oracle Security Alert July 2026 for authoritative technical details.

// No verified proof-of-concept code is available for CVE-2026-47045.
// Refer to Oracle's Critical Patch Update advisory for technical guidance.

Detection Methods for CVE-2026-47045

Indicators of Compromise

Unexpected JDBC connection strings pointing to external or unfamiliar hosts within application configuration files or runtime logs.
Oracle Net listener logs showing outbound or relayed connections to endpoints outside the approved database inventory.
User reports of JDBC clients prompting for credentials against unexpected database hostnames.

Detection Strategies

Audit JDBC URL strings across application servers and middleware for hardcoded or dynamically constructed targets that reference untrusted domains.
Correlate Oracle Database audit trail entries with network flow data to identify JDBC sessions initiated by high-privileged accounts followed by interaction from another user.
Baseline the set of legitimate JDBC endpoints and alert on deviations, particularly connections originating from patched services to unpatched Oracle Database versions in the affected range.

Monitoring Recommendations

Enable Oracle unified auditing for JDBC connection events and forward the logs to a centralized analytics platform for long-term retention.
Monitor privileged account activity within Oracle Database, focusing on operations that modify connection descriptors, TNS entries, or JDBC configuration objects.
Track patch level inventory across all Oracle Database installations and alert when hosts remain on versions listed as affected.

How to Mitigate CVE-2026-47045

Immediate Actions Required

Apply the Oracle Critical Patch Update from July 2026 to all affected Oracle Database Server instances running the JDBC component.
Inventory all systems running Oracle Database versions 19.3-19.31, 21.3-21.22, or 23.4.0-23.26.2 and prioritize patching production and internet-adjacent systems first.
Review and restrict accounts that hold high privileges within Oracle Database, removing unnecessary administrative grants.
Educate administrators and developers about social engineering scenarios that could trigger JDBC-based redirects.

Patch Information

Oracle addressed CVE-2026-47045 in the July 2026 Critical Patch Update. Full patch details, applicability matrices, and download instructions are available in the Oracle Security Alert July 2026. Apply the vendor-supplied patch corresponding to your database release train.

Workarounds

Restrict network access to Oracle Net listeners using firewall rules and Oracle Net access control lists so that only trusted client subnets can initiate JDBC connections.
Enforce allowlists of approved JDBC connection endpoints within application configuration management to prevent redirection to untrusted hosts.
Reduce the population of high-privileged database accounts and require multi-party approval for privileged operations until patching is complete.

bash

# Example: restrict Oracle Net access using sqlnet.ora allowlist
# Place in $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/sqlnet.ora on the database server
tcp.validnode_checking = yes
tcp.invited_nodes = (app-server-01, app-server-02, 10.10.20.0/24)
tcp.excluded_nodes = (0.0.0.0/0)